infectious diseases Flashcards
bacterial causes of bloody diarrhoea
e coli
campylobacter
shigella
viral caues of diarrhoea
-norovirus
-rotavirus
-CMV (can lead to colitis in immunocompromised)
-
parasites that can cause diarrhoea
- entamoeba histolytica
- immunocompromised: cryptosporidium, Isospora belli, Giardia lamblia, Cyclospora and Miicrosporidia
how do you treat CMV infection in non HIV immunocompromised people?
Ganciclovir
name 2 opportunistic infections:
- candida
- pseudonomas aeriginosa
what would be the clinical features of necrotizing fasciitis?
-pain out of keeping with the clinical signs
what investigations would you do in necrotizing fasciitis?
-USS
would show thickening of the subcutaneous tissues and fluid collecting along the fascial plane
how would you manage necrotizing fasciitis ?
surgical debridement
IV antibiotics
what are the two types of necrotizing fasciitis?
type 1 : mixed anaerobes and aerobes. often occurs post surgery and in diabetics
type 2: caused by strep pyogenes (Group A strep)
risk factors for cellulitis
diabetes venous stasis lymphoedema obesity pedal oedema ( CCF)
most common causes of cellulitis
- staph A
- group A strep (strep pyogenes)
risk factors for complicated influenza
BMI >40 pregnancy immunosuppression >65 yrs Diabetes Other diseases
following the flu, what is a serious complication that can occur?
-secondary bacterial pneumonia .
caused by strep pneumoniae
staph A
Haemophilus Influenzae
-myositis and rhabdomyolysis are most common in children but are overall rare
what drugs can be used for influenza prophylaxis?
neuroaminidase inhibitors
Oseltamivir or Zanamivir
how would you treat candidaemia/
IV antifungal eg caspofungin
