Infectious Diseases Flashcards
Which organism is found in a neutrophil?
a) Ehrlichia canis
b) Ehrlichia chaffensis
c) Anaplasma platys
d) Ehrlichia ewingii
d) Ehrlichia ewingii
E. canis and E.chaffensis = monocyte
A. platys = platelets
Dallas, a young mixed breed puppy, presents with thrombocytopenia, anemia, and hyperglobulinemia. You suspect Ehrlichia. How would you confirm this?
a) PCR
b) Fecal microscopy
c) Ehrlichia culture
d) ELISA SNAP test
a) PCR
Most specific test and test for the genetic markers of the antigens.
Antibodies only tell you that it has been exposed to the disease at one point
Dallas’ test for Ehrlichiosis returns positive. Which antibiotic would you treat DALLAS WITH?
A) Amoxicillin clavanic acid
b) Trimethroprin sulfonamide
c) Doxycycline
d) Erythromycin
c) Doxycycline
Drug of choice, esp. for Rickettsial viruses
All the others are used for treatment of mainly Gram + organisms
How is Canine Distemper virus shed?
a) Bite wounds
b) Respiratory water droplets
c) Feces
d) Urine
b) Respiratory water droplets
Which of the following is not a classical sign for Canine Distemper virus?
a) Diarrhea
b) Nasal and digital hyperkeratosis
c) Oculonasal discharge
d) Seizures
e) Trismus
f) Paralysis
g) Coughing
e) Trismus
(total closure/locking of the jaw)
Virus goes into the lymph nodes, causes pyrexia, then enters blood to go to the epithelial cells and neuronal cells.
Diarrhea = classical sign
Nasal and digital hyperkeratosis = sign
Oculonasal discharge = classical sign
Seizures = including myoclonus of the jaw
Paralysis = also seen (due to neurological involvement)
Coughing = classical sign
True or False: Canine adenovirus type 1 only affects dogs < 1 year of age
False
Can affect any animal, but generally affects young dogs
A puppy presents with hemorrhagic D+. I was vaccinated with CDV and CPV 6 days ago. You perform a fecal canine parvo ELISA antigen test, which returned positive. Which one of the folowing is correct?
a) You need to perform fecal microscopy
b) The dog has parvovirus
c) The dog may be positive due to the vaccination, advice PCR
d) It is likely a result of the poor sensitivity of the test
c) The dog may be positive due to the vaccination, advice PCR
Need to confirm positive or not, but you know that the ELISA test has a high sensitivity. You need PCR to be sure that it is the infectious virus/antigen, and not the vaccination, which is a modified-live vaccine
Bella presents with severe gastroenteritis. The stool is mucoid and hemorrhagic. She is fully vaccinated and fecal flotation found no evidence of parasites. She is fed Hills Puppy food with raw chicken. What bacteria would you suspect?
a) Campylobacter spp.
b) Clostridium spp.
c) Salmonella spp.
d) Helicobacter spp.
c) Salmonella spp.
Often associated with raw chicken
Bella presents with severe gastroenteritis. The stool is mucoid and hemorrhagic. She is fully vaccinated and fecal flotation found no evidence of parasites. She is fed Hills Puppy food with raw chicken. Her fecal culture comes back positive for Salmonella sp. Which one of the following antibiotic would you treat this with?
a) Penicillin G
b) Erythromycin
c) Metronidazole
d) Trimethoprim sulfonamide
d) Trimethoprim sulfonamide
Others are used to treat Gram positive bacteria
You perform a fecal smear and find a large number of curved bacteria which have a gull-winged shape. Which of the following should you suspect?
a) Salmonella spp.
b) Campylobacter spp.
c) Clostridia sp.
d) Helicobacter spp.
b) Campylobacter spp.
Trevor arrives with a swollen scrotum. Clinical exam finds an anterior uveitis, lymphadenopathy, and a fever. What is the most likely test you would use to confirm your suspicions?
a) Fecal culture
b) Blood serology
c) Urinalysis
d) CBC, biochemistry
b) Blood serology
Trevor has Brucella (only way to confirm)
Trevor has been diagnosed with Brucellosis. What treatment would you recommend to the owner?
a) Doxycycline 10mg/kg PO q24 for 14 days
b) Proper tick prevention
c) Castration
d) Physiotherapy
c) Castration
Difficult to rid of due to it being within the reproductive system
Kim has been in the forests in California for the last 2 weeks. She was bitten by this tick (owner brought it in). The owner is worried about borreliosis. What do you recommend?
a) Start treatment immediately with doxycycline for 30 days
b) Start vaccinations immediately
c) Monitor the animal; most animals should be fine, use tick prevention
d) Start homeopathy to get rid of potential infection
c) Monitor the animal; most animals should be fine, use tick prevention
You were testing Phoebe for HW using the 4Dx test. The results return positive for Borrelia burgdorferi. What do you recommend?
a) Monitor as most dogs do not develop CSs
b) Treat immediately with doxycycline
c) Test the urine for protein, if positive, then treat for borreliosis
d) This is a normal finding in dogs
c) Test the urine for protein, if positive, then treat for borreliosis
