Infectious Diseases 2 Flashcards
An 70 year old man has been in hospital for the past two weeks for a severe pneumonia. He develops bloody diarrhoea, colitis, and a reduced urine output. He has a raised CRP, WCC and a low albumin.
Campylobacter C. difficile Bacillus cereus E. coli Vibrio cholera
C. Diff
Reduced urine output = kidney damage
Low Albumin = Liver damage
C diff = multi organ damage
An 18 year old girl on her gap year comes back from her travels, presenting to hospital with profuse diarrhoea of rice water appearance. There is no blood. She is shocked.
Entamoeba histolytica Staph aureus Bacillus cereus E. coli Vibrio cholera
Vibrio cholera
Rice water diarrhoea
A man presents suffering with bloody, foul smelling diarrhoea. He attended a barbeque earlier in the day where he suspects he ate undercooked chicken. He has a fever and severe abdominal pain.
Campylobacter Shigella Bacillus cereus E. coli Salmonella
Campylobacter
Undercooked chicken
Bacterial causes Bloody Diarrhoea
Campylobacter/C diff Haemorrhagic E coli Entamoeba histolytica Shigella Salmonella
Bacterial causes non-bloody diarrhoea
Campylobacter C diff Staph aureua Vibrio Cholera E coli Bacillus cerues Salmonella
Buzzword C diff
Use broad spectrum Abx
>70 years,
past C. diff,
antiperistaltic drugs
S. aureus
1-6hrs after eating,
lasts less than 12 hrs
Vibrio Cholera
Rice water diarrhoea
poor sanitation
shock
E coli
Leafy veg
Bacillus cereus
Reheated rice
can cause cerebral abscess
Salmonella
Eggs
might also have constipation
multiplies in Payer’s patches of the intestine
Campylobacter
uncooked poultry
Organisms likely if polymorphs seen on MC+S?
Campylobacter
E. coli
Shigella
Organisms likely if NO polymorphs seen on MC+S?
Salmonella
E. coli
C. difficile
The same 18 year old gap year student with resolved diarrhoea has gone back to do more travelling. About a month later, she presents with high swinging fevers and general malaise. You suspect malaria. Which of the following would be your most useful investigation for diagnosis.
FBC U&Es ESR/CRP ABG Thick and thin blood film
Thick and thin blood film
Thick to see parasites, thin to differentiate
A 5 year old child comes home from nursery complaining of feeling like she needs to throw up, and isn’t hungry. A couple of days later a rash develops on her trunk, palms and soles of her feet, which is extremely itchy. What is the most likely causative organism?
Herpes virus 1 Herpes virus 2 Herpes virus 3 Herpes virus 4 Herpes virus 5
HHV 3 = VZV
Chicken Pox
A 70 year old man presents developing a rash across one side of his trunk which is painful and tingling, preceded by a headache and a fever. He had the chickenpox as a child. What is the most likely diagnosis.
Second episode of chickenpox Herpes simplex virus infection Shingles Contact dermatitis Fungal infection
Shingles
What does Varicella Zoster virus cause?
Chicken Pox
Shingles
Entamoeba histolytica - history clues?
poor sanitation, tropical places,
Men having sex with men (MSM)
+ RUQ pain (liver abscess), weight loss, cough, fever
Shigella - history clues?
person-to-person contact, travel in areas with poor sanitation, MSM