Infectious Diseases Flashcards
HIV
Best initial test to diagnose HIV?
4th generation assay
or
NAAT
HIV
What does 4th generation assay detect As HIV diagnostic tool?
Detect HIV Ag that appears before Ab
HIV
What if you have 4th generation test + and negative differentiation assay. Next step?
NAT.
HIV
Confirmatory test for HIV?
Differentiation assay
HIV
Examples of NRTI
Dida, Stav, Zid and lama, tino and abacavir
HIV
Which NNRTI causes dehydration?
Indinavir causes nephroplethiasis and dehydration
HIV
Screen for HLAB-5701 before introducing this medication
Abacavir
HIV
HIV medication causes low PO, AKI, and osteoporosis
Tinofovir
HIV
Integrase inhibitor CI in T1
Dolutegravir
HIV
Which ART causes GI upset and proteinuria
LV Elvitegravir
Virology
Immigrant presented with fever, rash started behind his ears then descend to the feet + white rash in his mouth
Measles. This is Koplik spot.
Note: rash spares palms and soles.
Virology
Most common cause of death in measles?
Pneumonia
Virology
Management of a child with contact to patient with measle infection?
MMR vaccine within 72 hours.
Virology
Patient came from brazil with fever for 2 days. Then improve for 2 days then cameback with fever + hemametemesis and jaundice. Diagnosis?
Yellow fever.
Know it by: Hemorrhagic fever + remission period.
Virology
4 etiology of hemorrhagic fever
Ebola, lassa virus, Dengue fever and yellow fever
STD
Patient presented with painless beefy genital ulcer without LAP
Donovaniosis
STD
Painful single genital ulcer + Painful LAP
Chancroid (H. Ducrei)
Multiple painful = HSV
STD
Painless genital ulcer with painful LAP
LGV
STD
Name this complication. Seen in which phase of syphilis?
Condyloma latum. In second phase.
Note: condyloma accuminata seen with anogenital warts.
Vaccines
PHC nurse took HBV Vaccine one month ago. She came not to test for Anti-HBV load. The result was 50. Next step?
- Give another booster dose of HBV.
- This result means there is response but incomplete which need only one extra dose.
- If < 10: Need new Vaccine course.
- If > 100: She is fine and next step is vaccination after 5 years
Malaria
What is the benifit of adding Primaquin in malaria Rx?
Destroy liver hypnozyte which prevent disease relapse.
Malaria
In which malaria species we need to add Primaquine?
Only Vivax and Ovale.
Malaria
Indication of blood exchange in malaria ?
Parasitemia > 10 %
Parasitology
Fever, throat congestion, cervical LAP for 2 weeks. Negative EBV. History of BBQ one week ago
Acute toxoplasmosis. Which mimic infectious mononuclosis
Parasitology
Patient came from brazil. With skin ulcer on lower limb + in the mouth + fever. Etiology?
Leshmania Brazilinies.
Skin only: Mexico + Tropicalis
Visceral: Donovani (Kala-azar disease)
Parasitology
Treatment of persistent lymphadenopathy in immunocompetent patient with positive serology for toxoplasmosis?
No treatment required.
Which leishmania associated with visceral disease?
Donovanosis.
Require bone marrow aspiration for diagnosis.
Others:
1) Brazili: mucucotaneous
2) mexico: Cutaneous
Which leishmania associated with visceral disease?
Donovanosis.
Require bone marrow aspiration for diagnosis.
Others:
1) Brazili: mucucotaneous
2) mexico: Cutaneous
Disease spectrum of anthrax
1) GI bleeding
2) Wide mediastium and respiratory failure
3) most important. Painless skin eschar. Remember painless !!
Patient came from Tanzania 2 weeks ago presented with fever, maculopapular rash, LAP. Diagnosis? How to confirm?
HIV-1
Diagnosis: RNA, PCR. At this stage Ab are negative
Mechanism of action of oseltemavir?
Nueroaminidase inhibitor
EEG pattern for temporal encephalitis?
Lateralized periodic discharge at 2 Hz
EEG pattern for temporal encephalitis?
Lateralized periodic discharge at 2 Hz
Which vaccine should be avoided in patient with egg allergy?
Yellow fever.
2 stains used for PJP diagnosis?
1- Silver stain
2- Giemsa stain
HIV patient on ART, Presented with nail blackish color. Which medication can cause this?
Ziduvodine
HIV patient on ART, Presented with nail blackish color. Which medication can cause this?
Ziduvodine
Sabin feldman dye test. Used to detect which infection?
Toxoplasmosis
Patient on ART. Presented with jaundice and isolated increase in bilirubin. Normal ALT, AST. What medication cause this?
Atazanavir (Protease inhibitor)
Sun burn rash in young female patient in palmes and soles + fever + hypotension.
Staphylococcus toxic shock syndrome
Patient had car accident with metal penetration to his arm. His last tetanus vaccine was 7 years ago. What is your next step?
No Immunoglobulin, no vaccine if the last dose was less than 10 years ago.
Peri-anal skin urticarial rash migrates to the thigh. Diagnosis?
Strongyloides stercoralis
Chest infection and bradycardia. Organism?
Legionella.
Treat with clarithromycin
Chest infection and bradycardia. Organism?
Legionella.
Treat with clarithromycin
