Infectious Disease Review Flashcards
CAP in adults is _____ bacteria
Streptococcus pneumoniae - MC
Haemophilus influenzae
CAP in young adults is commonly what 3 bacteria?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Chlamydia pneumophila
CAP in children is commonly what bacteria?
Streptococcus pneumoniae - MC
CODP related CAP is commonly what bacteria?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Mixed pathogens
Alcohol dependance CAP is commonly what bacteria?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Klebsiella
CAP related to travel outbreaks/confined spaces (conference centers, cruise ships) is commonly what bacteria?
Legionella pneumophila¹
What defines CAP as “uncomplicated?”
No comorbidities (previously healthy)
No antibiotic use within last 3 months
Low rate of macrolide resistance to S. pneumoniae
What is the empiric therapy for uncomplicated CAP?
amoxicillin 1 g TID for at least 5 days
azithromycin or clarithromycin
doxycycline - if macrolide allergy or resistance
Complicated CAP what is the empiric treatment?
Levo or moxifloxacin
Complicated CAP alternative treatment?
Augmentin or cephalosporin
PLUS
macrolide or doxycycline
Community Acquired Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis is commonly caused by what organisms?
E. coli - MC
Proteus
Staphylococcus
Enterococcus
What is the first line treatment for Community Acquired Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis?
nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin) 100 mg ER BID x 5 days
TMP-SMX (Bactrim) DS po BID x 3 days
Community Acquired Acute Pyelonephritis/Complicated UTI is commonly due to ____ bacteria
E. coli
What is the first line treatment for Community Acquired Acute Pyelonephritis/Complicated UTI
?
Cipro
What drug would you select for a pregnant patient with acute pyelonephritis?
Cephalosporins
Non-purulent skin infections are due to what bacteria?
Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA
Streptococcus pyogenes (GABHS
Purulent skin infections are commonly caused by what bacteria?
Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA
Name some bacteria that commonly cause GI infections?
E. coli
Salmonella
Shigella
Campylobacter
Clostridium difficile
What is the empiric treatment for gastroenteritis?
Cipro
Bactrim is second
C. diff initial empiric treatment is ____
Vanc
meningitis acquired in the community is due to ??? (name the bacteria)
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis
Listeria monocytogenes
increased risk <3 months and > 55 years old
What is the empiric treatment for menigitis?
ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 2 gm IV q 12 hrs
PLUS
vancomycin 15-20 mg/kg IV q8-12 hours
*plus ampicillin 2 g IV q4h if high Listeria risk
_____ is given to prevent Pneumocystis jirovecii infection in HIV patients
TMP/SMX (Bactrim)
_____ is given preoperatively to prevent surgical site infection
Cefazolin (Ancef)
______ is given to prevent Infective Endocarditis before invasive dental procedures
Amoxicillin
