Infectious Diarrhea

Question 1

Define diarrhea

Answer 1

increased stool frequency, more than 3 BMs a day or liquidity of feces

Question 2

Acute diarrhea is ___
Persistent is ___
Chronic is ____

Answer 2

Acute: less than or equal to 14 days
Persistant: greater than 14 days
Chronic: more than 30 days

Question 3

Name some common bacteria associated with infectious diarrhea

Answer 3

Staphylococcus aureus
Bacillus cereus
Escherichia coli
Clostridium difficile
Campylobacter jejuni
******
Salmonella
Shigella
Vibrio
Listeria

Question 4

Name some viruses that can cause infectious diarrhea

Answer 4

Norovirus
Rotavirus
Hepatitis A
Adenovirus
Cytomegalovirus

Question 5

Giardia lamblia
Entamoeba histolytica
Cryptosporidium
Cyclospora
Isospora
What am I?

Answer 5

Protozoans that can cause infectious diarrhea

Question 6

Inflammatory diarrhea will be positive for _____

Answer 6

fecal leukocytes

Question 7

non-inflammatory will be ???

Answer 7

negative for fecal leukocytes

Question 8

What are some causes of inflammatory diarrhea?

Answer 8

Campylobacter jejuni
Salmonella
Shigella
Enterohemorrhagic E.coli
C. difficile
Cytomegalovirus
Entamoeba histolytica

Question 9

What are some causes of non-inflammatory diarrhea?

Answer 9

Bacillus cereus
Staphylococcus aureus
Enterotoxigenic E.coli
Vibrio cholerae
Noroviruses
Rotavirus
Giardia lamblia
Cryptosporidium
Cyclospora

Question 10

Fever and abdominal tenderness are more common in _____ diarrhea

Answer 10

inflammatory diarrhea

Question 11

volume depletion is more common in ______ diarrhea

Answer 11

non-inflammatory

Question 12

Staphlococcos aureus is most commonly found in ____

Answer 12

undercooked beef products

Question 13

Bacillus cereus is most commonly found in ____

Answer 13

rice that has been left out

Question 14

_____ is most commonly found in fast food restaurants due to undercooked hamburgers

Answer 14

E. coli

Question 15

_____ is most commonly found in poultry and eggs

Answer 15

Salmonella

Question 16

______ commonly found in shellfish from the Gulf of Mexico

Answer 16

Vibrio cholerae

Question 17

_____ is commonly associated with the ingestion of raw seafood

Answer 17

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Question 18

_____ is commonly associated with frequent/recent abx thereapy

Answer 18

C. diff

Question 19

____ is commonly associated with milk and cheeses

Answer 19

Listeria

Question 20

Staph Aureus and Bacillus cereus commonly produce symptoms _____ hours after ingestion

Answer 20

4-6 hours

Question 21

E. coli and Vibrio sp. commonly produce symptoms _____ hours after ingestion

Answer 21

24 hours

Question 22

Campylobacter jejuni, Shigella, Salmonella commonly produce symptoms _____ after ingestion

Answer 22

1-3 days

Question 23

Viruses commonly produce symptoms _____ after ingestion. How long for protozoans?

Answer 23

Viruses: 24-48 hours

Protozoans: 1-2 weeks

Question 24

What tests would you order on a pt if you were concerned about infectious diarrhea

Answer 24

Fecal leukocytes
Stool culture
Ovum and parasites
C. diff
Viruses

Question 25

What are 3 common anti-diarrheals

Answer 25

Loperamide (Imodium)
Diphenoxylate (Lomotil)
Bismuth (Pepto)

Question 26

When would you not want to give a pt Pepto?

Answer 26

Not in inflammatory diarrhea
not in children
pregnant women

Question 27

What is the empiric treatment for infectious diarrhea?

Answer 27

Cipro/Levo