infectious disease/exam 1 Flashcards
Colonization may ? show symptoms, but ? does
Colonization may not show symptoms, but infection may.
C&S /Culture & Sensitivity is what kind of test & what does it id
smear & stain, id’s what medication will kill the bacteria
WBC normal count? lifespan? originates in the ?
WBC normal count is 5,000-10,000. Lifespan is 2-3 weeks, orginates in the bone marrow.
5 types of wbc
neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils
Neutrophils are ? line of defense
first
Mature neutrophils are called ?
Immature neutrophils are called ?
mature neutrophils are called segs
immature neutrophils are called bands
Lymphocytes
chance it’s virus, not bacteria, immunity
b-antibodies t-killer cells
Monocytes goes in if ? can’t handle
goes in if neutrophils can’t handle
Eosinophils
Allergic reactions, inflammation
Basophils
cancer determinants, parasites, chronic conditions
What is ESR?
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate-
determines inflammation
Conditions that may affect ESR?
Pregnancy, menstruation, hypoglycemia, birth control
An ? in ESR may occur with breast, colon cancer, RA
increase
Contact isolation
glove/gown
Droplet isolation requires ? ppe
glove/gown/mask/eye (may need shoe)
Airborne isolation requires ?
glove/gown/N95 mask
Airborne isolation keep door ?, main example
Keep door closed, low traffic, TB is main example
S/S bump, infected area that may be red, swollen, painful, warm, full of pus, acc. by fever
MRSA
Most common skin infection in USA
staph
? of people carry MRSA in nose.
1/3 of people, not everyone shows symptoms
S/S mild to severe diarrhea, fever, loss of appetite, nausea, abdominal pain
C. diff
? ? give C. Diff patient an anti-diuretic because they need to get bacteria out.
DO NOT
It is important to assess ? in C. Diff pt
hydration
TB primarily affects ?
TB primarily affects lungs but can be spread to other parts of the body.
TB enters the ? , it can multiply and enter the? system and ? stream
TB enters the alveoli and multiples and can travel into the lymph system and blood stream
S/S low grade fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue, non-productive cough, hemoptysis
TB
The body recognizes the microbial invasion and sends ? to the area. This reaction causes ? of ? in the lungs which leads to ? 2-4 weeks following exposure.
The body recognizes the microbial invasion and begins to mobilize phagocytes to the area. This reaction cause accumulation of the exudate in the lungs which leads to bronchopneumonia 2-4 weeks following exposure.
Only people with ? TB in the lungs are infectious
active
Hemopytsis is ?
bloody sputum
blood test for TB
ELISA quanti
? drug is treatment for TB.
Rifampim
Rifampim can color urine, sweat & tears
orange
test for TB
mantoux
Mantoux test ? inj, read in ? hrs
intradermal, 72 hrs.
Other TB test
sputum/x-ray, faster than id inj, but more expensive
TB test results
0-4 nonsignificant
5+ maybe significant
10+ significant have xray done to make sure not in lungs
TB classifications
class 0: no exposure, no infection class 1: exposure, no infection class 2: latent infection, no disease class 3: disease, active class 4: disease, not active class 5: suspected disease, diagnosis pending
Client no longer considered infectious after ? sputum cultures come back negative
3
? pts if transporting outside of room
mask
? lights used to kill bacteria
UV
