Infectious Disease

Question 1

What type of bacilli is seen in the shigella

Answer 1

Coliform bacilli(enteric Rods)

Question 2

What type of anaerobes is the shigella

Answer 2

Nonmotile gram negative facultative anaerobes

Question 3

What are 4 species of shigella

Answer 3

Shigella sonnei(mc in industrial )
Shigella flexneri (mc in developing countries)
Shigella boydii
Shigella dysenteriae

Question 4

What kind of fermenting is shigella

Answer 4

Non lactose fermenting and also resistant to bile salt

Question 5

Generic term for shigella is

Answer 5

Shigellosis

Question 6

Low infectious dose

Answer 6

(10^2 -10^4 CFU)

Question 7

Who are the reservoirs of shigella

Answer 7

Human Resource

Question 8

How is shigella transmitted

Answer 8

Fecal oral route

Question 9

Incubation period of shigella

Answer 9

1-3 days

Question 10

What are the most common symptoms of shigella

Answer 10

Watery diahrea with fever ;changing to dysentery

Question 11

Major causes of bacillary desentry (severe 2nd stage) in ped age grp

Answer 11

1-10yrs via fecal oral route

Question 12

In shigella how many percentage leads to pediatric diarrhea

Answer 12

15%

Question 13

Which is leading cause for infant diarrhea and mortality in developing countries

Answer 13

Shigella

Question 14

An exotoxin with enteric activity that affects the intestinal tract

Answer 14

Enterotoxin

Question 15

What is desentry

Answer 15

Inflammation of intestine with accompanying abdominal cramps

Tenesmus(straining to defecate)

Frequent and low volume stools containing blood,mucus and fecal leukocytes

Question 16

Bacillary dysentery

Answer 16

Invasion of host cells and production of exotoxin

Question 17

What are the two stages of shigellosis

Answer 17

Early stage

Second stage

Question 18

Characteristics of early stage of shigellosis

Answer 18

Watery diarrhea 
Enterotoxic activity of shiga toxin 
Ingestion 
Non invasive colonisation 
Multiplication 
Production of enterotoxin in small intestine

Fever attributed to the neurotoxic activity of toxin

Question 19

Second stage of shigellosis

Answer 19

Invasion of large intestine with dysentery

Cytotoxic activity of shiga toxin

Question 20

Virulence attributable to

Answer 20

1) invasiveness (attachment and internalization)
2) exotoxin (shiga toxin)
3) intracellular survival and multiplication

Question 21

Shigella penetrates in

Answer 21

Colonic epithelium And then into lamina propria

Question 22

Shigella invades which cell

Answer 22

M cells

Question 23

Shigella can Lyse

Answer 23

The phagocytic vacuole and replicate in cytoplasm

Question 24

Shigella is contrast to

Answer 24

Salmonella

Question 25

In shigella,Which filament propel the bacteria through the cytoplasm and into adjacent epithelial cells

Answer 25

Actin filament

Question 26

Which helps in avoiding the antibody mediated humoral immunity in shigella

Answer 26

Actin filament

Question 27

Characteristics of shiga toxin

Answer 27

Enterotoxin Neurotoxin Cytotoxin

Question 28

Shiga toxin is encoded by

Answer 28

Chromosomal gene,lysogenic bacteriophage

Question 29

Shiga toxin has how many domain structure

Answer 29

2 domain A-5B structure

Question 30

Shiga toxin of shigella is similar to

Answer 30

Shiga toxin of enterohemorrhagic E. coli

Question 31

What happens in a enterotoxic effect ?

Answer 31

1) Adhere to small intestine receptors | 2) Blocks absorption of electrolyte ,glucose and amino acids

Question 32

Shiga toxin is a contrast of

Answer 32

1)Cholera toxin and labile toxin of ETEC which blocking the absorption of Na Bt also cause hypersecretion of water and ions