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PANCE Study > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What are penicillins good at treating?

A

strep/staph, syphilis

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2
Q

What is vanco good at covering?

A

gram-pos and c. diff (PO)

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3
Q

What are macrolides good at covering?

A

atypicals and ppl with PCN allergy

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4
Q

What is clindamycin used for?

A

additional anearobic coverage

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5
Q

What are common SE of flouroquinolones?

A

prolonged QT, cartilage damage, tendon rupture

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6
Q

What are common SE of aminoglcosides?

A

ototoxicity (irreversible), nephrotoxicity (reversible)

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7
Q

What are aminoglucycosides good at covering?

A

gram-neg

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8
Q

What is metronidazole good at covering?

A

anaerobes and C. diff

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9
Q

Patient who is a cattle farmer presents with black eschar rash, pneumonia and N/V/D

A

anthrax

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10
Q

What is anthrax?

A

gram-pos spore-forming rod

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11
Q

What is tx of anthrax?

A

cipro or doxy

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12
Q

Patient returns from mexico and has bloody diarrhea, fever, maliase, abd pain

A

salmonella

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13
Q

How do you tx salmonella?

A

cipro x2 weeks

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14
Q

What is presentation of shigella?

A

diarrhea, cramps

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15
Q

How do you treat shigella?

A

only if severe, bactrim or flouroquinolone

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16
Q

Patient presents with rice water stools, and no fecal odor

A

cholera

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17
Q

How do you tx cholera?

A

macrolide

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18
Q

How do you dx rocky mountain spotted?

A

ELISA then western blot

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19
Q

How do you treat rocky mountain spotted?

A

doxycycline

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20
Q

Where do you see tularemia?

A

Arkansas, Oklahoma

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21
Q

How do you treat tularemia?

A

gentamicin or tetracycline

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22
Q

How do you dx malaria?

A

blood smear

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23
Q

What is tx of malaria?

A

chloroquine

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24
Q

Patient has multiple ring-enhacing lesion son CT scan

A

toxoplasmosis

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25
Q

What is tx of toxoplasmosis?

A

pytimethamine and sulfadiazine

26
Q

Patient presents with bloody diarrhea and hepatic abscess

A

amebiasis

27
Q

What is tx of amebiasis?

A

metronidazole

28
Q

Patient presents after camping with diarrhea and greasy foul smelling stools w/o blood

A

giardia

29
Q

What is tx for giardia?

A

metronidazole

30
Q

What is associated with schistosomiasis?

A

snails

31
Q

What is assocaited with infected pork?

A

trichinosis

32
Q

What do you treat worms with?

A

albendaole and mebendazole

33
Q

When is someone considered to have AIDS?

A

CD4 under 200 or AIDS-defining condition

34
Q

CD4 under 200 diseases

A

Kaposi sarcoma, TB, oral thrush, PCP, lymphoma, oral hairy leukoplakia

35
Q

How do you treat PCP pna?

A

bactrim

36
Q

What causes kaposi sarcoma?

A

human herpes virus 8 (HHV8)

37
Q

CD4 under 100 diseases

A

toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, disseminated candida

38
Q

CD4 under 50

A

CMV, MAC

39
Q

How do you treat CMV?

A

gangciclovir

40
Q

How do you treat MAC?

A

macrolide

41
Q

philadelphia chormosome

A

CML

42
Q

How do you treat CML?

A

imatinib, chemo, BM transplant

43
Q

Aure rods

A

AML

44
Q

what age does AML usually occur?

A

over 60yo

45
Q

Which leukemia is tolerated well for years?

A

CLL

46
Q

How do you treat CLL?

A

rituximab, prednisone, fludarabine

47
Q

What age does ALL affect?

A

kids usually

48
Q

What is multiple myeloma?

A

malignant plasma cells

49
Q

What sxs are associated with multiple myeloma?

A

hyperCa, fx, renal failure, anemia

50
Q

When do you see bence jones proteins?

A

multiple myeloma

51
Q

how do you treat multiple myeloma?

A

clacitonin, biphosphonates, alkylating agents, thalodomide, prednosone, BM transplant

52
Q

What is caused by antibodies against platelets causing thrombocytopenia?

A

ITP

53
Q

What is tx for ITP?

A

steroids acutely, IVIG, splenectomy

54
Q

Patient presents with renal failure, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neuro changes and fever

A

TTP/HUS

55
Q

What are risk factors for TTP/HUS?

A

E. coli 0157:H7

56
Q

What is treatment for TTP/HUS?

A

plasmaphoresis, FFP

57
Q

What shouldn’t you do in TTP/HUS?

A

platelet transfusions

58
Q

When does HIT occur?

A

5-10 days after exposure to heparin

59
Q

What is treatment of HIT?

A

anticoag (argatroban, dabigatran)

60
Q

basophilic stippling

A

sideroblastic anemia

61
Q

What causes sideroblastic anemia?

A

lead poisoning

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