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USMLE Step 2 CK > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

DIAGNOSIS- STIFF NECK PHOTOPHOBIA, MENINGISMUS

A

MENINGITIS

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2
Q

DIAGNOSIS- CONFUSION

A

ENCEPHALITIS

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3
Q

DIAGNOSIS- FOCAL NEUROLOGICAL FINDINGS

A

ABSCESS

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4
Q

DIAGNOSIS- PROBABLE MENINGITIS AGNENTS IN ORDER

A

S. PNEUMONIA-60, MINIGIOCCOCUS-15, GBS-14, HIB-7, LISTERIA-2, OTHER

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5
Q

DIAGNOSIS- AIDS WITH 100 CD4 CELLS/MIC.L

A

CRYPTOCOCCUS

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6
Q

DIAGNOSIS-CAMPER/HIKER, TARGET RASH, JOINT PAIN, FACIAL PALSY

A

LYME DISEASE

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7
Q

DIAGNOSIS-CAMPER/HIKER, RASH FROM ARMS/LEGS TO TRUNK

A

RICKETTSIA

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8
Q

DIAGNOSIS-PULMONARY TB

A

TB

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9
Q

DIAGNOSIS-SPONTANOUS

A

VIRAL

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10
Q

DIAGNOSIS-ADOLESCENT, PETECHIAL RASH

A

NEISSERIA

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11
Q
  • INITIAL TEST- MENINGITIS

* ACC. TEST- MENINGITIS

A
  • LUMBAR PUNCTURE

* LUMBAR PUNCTURE

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12
Q

DIAGNOSIS- LP (CELLCT.-1000S, NEUTROPHILES, PRO.-ELEVATED, GLU.-DECR., ST/CLT- 50-70%ST/CULTURE90%)

DIAGNOSIS- LP (CELLCT.-10-100S, LYMPHO., PRO.-ELE. MAYBE, GLU.-DECR. MAYBE, ST/CLT-NEGATIVE)

DIAGNOSIS- LP (CELLCT.-10-100S, LYMPHO., PRO.-ELE. ALOT, GLU.-DECR. MAYBE, ST/CLT-NEGATIVE)

DIAGNOSIS- LP (CELLCT.-10-100S, LYMPHO., PRO.-ELE. MAYBE, GLU.-DECR. MAYBE, ST/CLT-NEGATIVE)

A

BACTERIAL MENINGITIS

CRYPTOCOCCUS, LYME, RICKETTSIA

TB

VIRAL

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13
Q

INITIAL TEST- MENINGITIS WITH PAPILLEDEMA, SEIZURES, FOCAL CNS PRB., CONFUSION

INITIAL STEP- MENINGITIS WITH CONTRAINDICATED LP

INITIAL STEP- POST ANTIBIOTECS, LP AND CULTURE MAYBE FALSELY NEGATIVE

A

CT

ANTIBIOTICS

BACTERIAL ANTIGEN DETECTION (LAT)

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14
Q

ACC. TEST- MENINGITIS LP-TB
ACC. TEST- MENINGITIS LP-LYME AND RICKETTSIA
ACC. TEST- MENINGITIS LP-CRYPTOCOCCUS
ACC. TEST- MENINGITIS LP-VIRUS

A

ACID FAST CULTURE ON 3 HIGH VOLUMES

SPECIFIC SEROLOGIC TESTING, ELISA, WESTERN BLOT, PCR

CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN, INDIA INK ONLY 60-70% SENSITIVE

EXCLUSION

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15
Q

INITIAL TREAT- MENINGITIS CELL COUNT WITH NEUTROPHILES?

INITIAL TREAT- MENINGITIS, ELDERLY, NEONATES, STEROID USE, AIDS, IMM.COM. ALC., PREGNANT?

INITIAL TREAT- MENINGITIS NEISSERIA +

A

CEFTRIAXONE, VANCOMYCIN, STEROIDS

AMPICILLIN, CEFTRIAXONE, VANCOMYCIN, STEROIDS

RESPIRATORY ISOLATION, RIFAMPIN, CIPROFLOXACIN OR CEFTRIAXONE

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16
Q

P. ASS.- CN 8 DIF. OR DEAFNESS

A

BACTERIAL MENINGITIS

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17
Q

FEVER AND CONFUSION + NECK STIFFNESS

  • DIAGNOSIS-
  • ACC. TEST- HERPES ENCEPHALITIS
  • INITIAL TREAT- HERPES ENCEPHALITIS
A
  • HSV ENCEPHALITIS
  • PCR OF CSF
  • ACYCLOVIR, FOSCARNET

TIP-BEST MAN- RENAL TOXIC ACYCLOVIR FOR ENCEPHALITIS?=REDUCE DOSE

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18
Q

REDNESS, IMMOBILITY, BULGING AND DCR. LIGHT REFLEX OF TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

*SEN. PHYSICAL FINDING IMMOBILITY OF TYMAPNIC MEMBRANE

DIAGNOSIS-
ACC. TEST-
INITIAL TREAT-

A

OTITIS MEDIA

TYMPANOCENTISIS

AMOXIACILLIN

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19
Q

FACIAL PIAN, DISCOLORED NASAL DISCHARGE, BAD TASTE AND FEVER

  • DIAGNAOSIS-
  • ACC. TEST-
  • BEST MAN-
A
  • SINUSITIS
  • SINUS BIOPSY OR ASPIRATE
  • SINUSITIS PHYSICAL SYMPTOMES=AMOXIACILLIN OR DOXY,TMP-SMX + NASAL DECONGESTIANT

TIP-BIOPSY SINUSITIS WHEN…=RECURS, NO RESPONSE TO THERAPY

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20
Q

PAIN SWALLOWING, LYMPH N. IN NECK, EXUDATE IN PHARYNX, FEVER, NO COUGH AND HOARSNESS

DIAGNOSIS-
INITIAL TEST-
INITIAL TREAT-

A

BACTERIAL PHARYNGITIS 90% GAS

RAPID STREP TEST

AMOXICILLIN

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21
Q

DIAGNOSIS- PHARYNGITIS VESICLES OR ULCERS

A

HSV OR HERPANGINA

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22
Q

DIAGNOSIS- PHARYNGITIS EXUDATES

A

DIPHTHERIA OR VINCENT ANGINA OR EBV

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23
Q

*5 TYPES OF NON BACTERIAL PHARYNGITIS

A

HSV, HERPANGINA, DIPHTHERIA, VINCENT ANGINA OR EBV

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24
Q

ARTHRALGIAS/MYALGIAS, COUGH , FEVER, HEADACHE AND SORE THROAT, GI/DIARRHEA

  • DIAGNOSIS-
  • BEST MAN-
  • INITIAL TREAT-
A
  • INFLUENZA
  • WITHIN 48HRS FLU SYMPTOMES=NASOPHARYNGEAL SWAB
  • WITHIN 48HRS FLU SYMPTOMES=OSELTAMIVIR, ZANAMIVIR

AFTER 48HRS FLU SYMPTOMES= TX SYMPTOMS

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25
Q

DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, POULTRY
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, ASSOCIATED WITH GBS
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, HUS
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, HUS ASSOCIATED
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, SHELLFISH AND CRUISE SHIPS
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, SHELLFISH, LIVER PROBLEMS, SKIN LESIONS
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, IRON AFFINITY, HEMOCHROMATOSIS, BLOOD TRANSFUSION
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, ANTIBIOTICS

A

SALMONELLA

CAMPYLOBACTER

E COLI

SHIGELLA

VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS

VIBRIO VULNIFICUS

YERSINIA

C. DIFF.

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26
Q

INITIAL TEST- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL

*TIP- BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL GREATER SENSITIVITY AND SPESIFISITY

ACC TEST- DIARRHEA BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL

A

STOOL LACTOFERRIN OR FECAL LEUKOCYTES

LACTOFERRIN

STOOL CULTURE

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27
Q

DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA NO BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA NO BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, CAMPING/HIKING AND UNFILTERED FRESH WATER
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA NO BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, AIDS LESS THAN 100 CD4 CELLS, ACID FAST
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA NO BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, VOMITING 24-48HR SYMPTOMS, RICE, STEWS, VANILLA
DIAGNOSIS- DIARRHEA NO BLOOD AND WBCS IN STOOL, VOMITING 24-48HR SYMPTOMS, PATATO SALAD, COLD MEAT
DIAGNOSIS- VOMIT, MOST RAPID ONSET, WHEEZING, FLUSHING, RASH, ATE BIG FISH
DIAGNOSIS-VOMIT MOST RAPID ONSET, WHEEZING, FLUSHING, RASH, ATE REEF FISH AND/OR SEA WEEDS

A

VIRUS

GIARDIA

CRYPTOSPORIDA

B. CEREUS

S. AERUS

SCOMBROID (LARGE FISH DECAY HISTADINE
ACCUMULATION)

CIGUETERIA

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28
Q

INITIAL TREAT- MILD DIARRHEA
INITIAL TREAT- SEVERE DIARRHEA
INITIAL TREAT- DIARRHEA GIARDIA
INITIAL TREAT- DIARRHEA CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS
INITIAL TREAT- DIARRHEA VIRAL
INITIAL TREAT- DIARRHEA B. CEREUS, S. AEURUS

A

ORAL FLUID REPLACEMENT

IV FLUID, ANTIBIOTIC

METRONIDAZOLE, TINIDAZOLE

HIV TX AND NITAZOXANIDE

FLUID

FLUID

29
Q

DIAGNOSIS- HYPOTENSION, TACHYCARDIA, FEVER, ABDOMINAL PAIN, BLOODY DIARRHEA, METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

A

SEVERE DIARRHEA

30
Q

DIAGNOSIS- JAUNDICE, FEVER, WEIGHT LOSS AND FATIGUE, DARK URINE, HEPATOSPLEENOMEGALY, NAUSA, VOM

DIAGNOSIS- RARE ACUTE HEPATITIS
DIAGNOSIS- MOST CASES OF HEPATITIS
DIAGNOSIS- SILENT HEPATITIS
DIAGNOSIS- FOOD AND WATER HEP

DIAGNOSIS- HEPATITIS + INCREASED PT

A

HEPATITIS

HEP C
HEP A AND E
HEP C
HEP A AND E

FULMINANT HEPATIC FAILURE

31
Q

INITIAL TEST- HEPATITIS

INITIAL TEST- HEPATITIS SPECIFIC A,D,E
INITIAL TEST- HEPATITIS SPECIFIC C
INITIAL TEST- HEPATITIS SPECIFIC B

TIP- APLASTIC ANEMIA

A

DIRECT BILIRUBIN, ALT, AST, ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE

IGM, IGG ANTIBODY
PCR RNA LEVEL
SEROLOGIC PATTERN

ACUTE HEPATITIS

32
Q

DIAGNOSIS- SEROLOGIC PATTERN, S-ANT +, E-ANT +, C-ANTIBODY +IGM OR IGG, S-ANTIBODY -

DIAGNOSIS- SEROLOGIC PATTERN, S-ANT -, E-ANT -, C-ANTIBODY +IGG, S-ANTIBODY +

DIAGNOSIS- SEROLOGIC PATTERN, S-ANT -, E-ANT -, C-ANTIBODY -, S-ANTIBODY +

DIAGNOSIS- SEROLOGIC PATTERN, S-ANT -, E-ANT -, C-ANTIBODY +IGM OR IGG, S-ANTIBODY -

A

ACUTE OR CHRONIC INFECTION HEP B

RESOLVED INFECTION

VACCINATION

WINDOW

33
Q

TIP- HEP B AMOUNT OF ACTIVE VIRAL REPLICATION
TIP- HEP B NO LONGER TRANSMITTING
TIP- HEP B E-ANTIBODY
TIP- E ANTIGEN LEVEL(OR DNA POLYMERASE) INDICATES WHAT IN CHRONIC HEP B

A

E ANTIGEN

NO SURFACE ANTIGEN

SOON TO BE RESOLVED

NEED FOR TREATMENT AND VERTICAL

TRANSMISSION IF PREGNANT (DNA POL)

34
Q

INITIAL TREAT- ACUTE HEPATITIS
INITIAL TREAT- CHRONIC HEP B
INITIAL TREAT- CHRONIC HEP C

A

A & E=SPT. RESOLV., B- NO TREAT 10% GO CHRONIC; C-INF= RIBAVIRIN & BOCEPREVIR OR TALA

ANY ONE- ENTECAVIR, ADEFOVIR, AMIVUDINE, TELBIVUDINE,INF OR TENOFOVIR

C-INF, RIBAVIRIN& BOCEPREVIR OR TALAPREVIR

35
Q

TIP- INF ADVERSE EFFECTS

TIP- RIBAVIRIN SIDE EFFECT

TIP- LIVER BIOPSY IN CHRONIC HEP B OR C LOOKS FOR?

A

ARTHRALGIA, MYALGIA, LEUKOPENIA AND THROMOCYTOPENIA, DEPRESSION, FLU SYMP.

ANEMIA

FIBROSIS/CIRRHOSIS

36
Q

DIAGNOSIS- URETHRAL DISCHARGE, DYSURIA AND POLYACURIA

-VS-

DIAGNOSIS- DYSURIA AND POLYACURIA

A

URETHRITIS

-VS-

CYSTITIS

37
Q

INITIAL TEST- URETHRITIS
ACC. TEST- URETHRITIS
INITIAL TREAT- URETHRITIS

A

URETHRAL SWAB FOR GRAM STAIN OR URINE NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION

URETHRAL CULTURE, DNA PROBE OR NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION TEST

CEFIXIME+AZITHROMYCIN OR CEFTRIAXONE+DOXYCYCLINE

38
Q

DIAGNOSIS- CERVICAL DISCHARGE AND STRAWBERRY CERVIX

INITIAL TEST-

INITIAL TREAT-

A

CERVICITIS

URETHRAL SWAB FOR GRAM STAIN OR URINE NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION

CEFIXIME+AZITHROMYCIN OR CEFTRIAXONE+DOXYCYCLINE

39
Q

DIAGNOSIS- LOWER ABD. TENDERNESS, LOWER ABD PAIN, FEVER, CERVICAL MOT. TENDERNESS, LEUKOCYTOSIS

INITIAL TEST-
INITIAL TREAT-
ACC. TEST-

A

PID

CERVICAL SWAB FOR CULTURE, DNA PROB, OR NUCLEIC ACID AMP.+ B-HCG

IN PATIENT-CEFOXITIN OR CEFOTETAN+DOXYCYCLINE, OUT PAT.-CEFTRIAZONE, DOXY+METRONIDAZOL

PID LAPAROSCOPY

40
Q

DIAGNOSIS- ING. ADENOPATHY, STD PAINLESS ULCER
DIAGNOSIS- ING. ADENOPATHY, STD PAINFUL ULCER
DIAGNOSIS-ING. ADENOPATHY, LYMPH NODES TENDER AND SUPPURATING
DIAGNOSIS-ING. ADENOPATHY, VESICLES PRIOR TO ULCER AND PAINFUL

A

SYPHILIS

CHANCROID H. DUCREYI

LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM

HERPES SIMPLEX

41
Q

INITIAL TEST- SYPHILIS
INITIAL TEST- CHANCROID
INITIAL TEST- LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM
INITIAL TEST- HERPES SIMPLEX

ACC. TEST- HERPES SIMPLEX

A

DARK-FIELD MICROSCOPY, VDRL OR RPR (75% PRIMARY), FTA OR MHA-TP (CONFIRMATORY)

STAIN AND CULTURE ON SPECIAL MEDIA
COMPLEMENT FIXATION TITERS IN BLOOD, NU.AMP

TEST ON SWAB

TZANCK PREP

VIRAL CULTURE

42
Q 
INITIAL TREAT- SYPHILIS
INITIAL TREAT-CHANCROID
INITIAL TREAT-LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM
INITIAL TREAT- HERPES SIMPLEX
BEST MANG.- PAINFUL GENITAL VESICLES
A

IM BENZATHINE PENICILLIN OR DOXYCYCLINE

AZITHROMYCIN SINGLE DOSE

DOXYCYCLINE

ACYCLOVIR, VALACYCLOVIR, FAMCICLOVIR OR FOSCARNET IF RESISTANT

START ACYCLOVIR ORALLY

43
Q

DIAGNOSIS- RASH (PALMS AND SOLES), ALOPECIA AREATA, MUCOUS PATCHES, CONDYLOMATA LATA

DIAGNOSIS- MENINGOVASCULAR STROKE, TABES DORSALIS (INCONTINENCE), PARESIS, GUMMAS,AORTITIS, A.R. PUPIL

A

SYPHILIS 2

SYPHILIS 3

44
Q

INITIAL TREAT- SYPHILIS 3

TIP- FALSE POS. VDRL/RPR
TIP- JARISCH-HERXHEIMER REACTION TREATMENT
TIP- DESENSITIZATION TO PENICILLIN IN?

A

IV PENICILLIN

INFECTION, OLDER AGE, INJECTION DRUG, AIDS, MALARIA, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID, ENDOCARD.

IV PENICILLIN

ASPIRIN AND ANTIPYRETICS
NEUROSYPHILIS AND PREGNANT WOMEN

45
Q

DIAGNOSIS- CONDYLOMATA ACUMINATA

INITIAL TREAT- CONDYLOMATA ACUMINATA

A

HPV

CRYOTHERAPY, LASER, PODOPHYLLIN, TRICHLOROACETIC ACID, IMIQUIMOD

46
Q

DIAGNOSIS- ITCHING ON PUBIC HAIR AND AXILA

INITIAL TREAT

A

PEDICULOSIS

PERMETHRIN OR LINDANE

47
Q

DIAGNOSIS- BURROW RASH BETWEEN WEB SPACES ELBOWS AND GENITALIA, NIPPLES

INITIAL TREAT-

A

SCABIES

PERMETHRIN OR IVERMECTIN

48
Q

DIAGNOSIS- DYSURIA AND POLYACURIA, AND FEVER INCREASED WBC IN URINALYSIS

INITIAL TREAT-
INITIAL TEST-
ACC. TEST-

A

UTI

QUINOLONES/CIPRO; NITROFURANTOIN OR FOSFOMYCIN, TMP-SMX, CIFIXIME

URINALYSIS WITH 10 WBC

URINE CULTURE

49
Q

DIAGNSOSIS- DYSURIA, SUPRAPUBIC PAIN, MILD OR NO FEVER

INITIAL TREAT-
INITIAL TEST-
ACC. TEST-

A

CYSTITIS

NITROFURANTOIN OR FOSFOMYCIN, TMP-SMX, CIPRO, CIFIXIME

URINALYSIS WITH 10 WBC

URINE CULTURE

50
Q

DIAGNOSIS- DYSURIA, FLANK PAIN, HIGH FEVER

INITIAL TEST-
INITIAL TREAT-

A

PYELONEPHRITIS

URINALYSIS, CT OR SONOGRAM

CEFTRIAXONE, ERTAPENEM, OR AMPICILLIN AND
GENTAMICIN, CIPRO (OP)

51
Q

DIAGNSOSIS- DYSURIA, PERINEAL PAIN, TENDER PROSTATE

INITIAL TREAT- ACUTE
INITIAL TREAT- CHRONIC

A

ACUTE PROSTATITIS

CEFTRIAXONE, ERTAPENEM, OR AMPICILLIN AND GENTAMICIN, CIPRO (OP)

TMP-SMX 6-8WKS

52
Q

DIAGNOSIS- PYELONEPHRITIS + FEVER AFTER 5-7 DAYS TREATMENT+ SYMPTOMS

INITIAL TEST
INITIAL TREAT

A

PERINEPHRIC ABSCESS

CT OR SONOGRAM

DRAINAGE

53
Q

DIAGNOSIS- FEVER + MURMOR (OR CHANGE OF MURMOR MORE LIKELY)

INITITAL TEST-
P.ASS.-

A

ENDOCARDITIS

BLOOD CULTURE + ECHOCARDIOGRAM (TRANSESOPHAGEAL VERY SENSITIVE)

DERM(NAIL HEMRG., JANEWAY[FLAT], OSLER(RAISED)) OPH(ROTH,CONJ. PETECHIAE) KIDNEY,SPLEEN& LUNG

54
Q

TIP- ENDOCARDITIS RARE ON NORMAL HEART VALVES RISK INCREASES WITH?

A

DAMAGE ON HEART VALVES AND PROSTETIC VALVES OR SEVERE BACTEREMIA

55
Q

TIP- STREP. BOVIS COMES FROM? ACCOCIATED WITH COLON DIVERTICULI AND COLON CANCER. WHAT TEST IS NEEDED?

A

COLONOSCOPY

56
Q

DIAGNOSIS- OSCILLATING VEGETATION ON ECHO, FEVER>38, INJECTION DRUG OR PROSTHETIC VALVE, EMBOLIC NEUMO

INITIAL TREAT-

A

CULTURE NEGATIVE ENDOCARDITIS

CULTURE NEGATIVE (COXIELLA/BARTONELLA) ENDOCARDITIS=VACOMYCIN AND GENTAMICIN

57
Q

INITIAL TREAT- VIRIDANS ENDOCARDITIS?

INITIAL TREAT- STAPH ENDOCARDITIS

INITIAL TREAT- STAPH EPI OR RESISTAN ENDOCARDITIS

INITIAL TREAT-ENTEROCOCCI ENDOCARDITIS

INITIAL TREAT- ENDOCARDITIS WITH POROSTHETIC VALVE

BEST MAN- CHF OR RUPTURED VALVE, CHOR. TENDINEAE, PROSTETIC, FUNGAL ENDOCARDITIS, ABSCESS, AV BK., EMBOLI

INITIAL TREAT- HHACEK CULTURE NEGATIVE ENDOCARDITIS

TIP- CRITERIA FOR PROPHYLAXIS ENDOCARDITIS

INITIAL TREAT- PROPHYLAXIS ENDOCARTITIS

A

CEFTRIAXONE FOR 4 WEEKS

OXACILIN, NAFCILLIN OR CEFAZOLIN

VANCOMYCIN

AMPICILLIN AND GENTAMICIN

RIFAMPIN AND VANCOMYCIN

SURGERY

CEFTRIAXONE

CARDIAC DEFECT+RISK OF BACTEREMIA

PENICILLIN OR CLINDAMYCIN, AXITHROMYCIN,
CLARITHROMYCIN

58
Q

DIAGNOSIS-FEVER &RASH(5-14 DYS) AFTER BITE IF NOT TREATED: JOINT PAIN,NEURO SYM(CN. MNG. ENC.), CARDIAC(PERI,MYO, V-ARTH)

A

LYME DISEASE

59
Q

INITIAL TEST- NON COMPLICATED LYME DISEASE

INITIAL TEST- NON TREATED LYME DISEASE MANIFISTATION

INITIAL TREAT- LYME DISEASE RASH+FEVER

INITIAL TREAT-LYME DISEASE JOINT, CN PALSY

INITIAL TREAT- LYME DISEASE RASH AND NON CN PALSY NEURO SYM.:MENING. ENCEPHALITIS

INITIAL TREAT- LYME DISEASE PROPHALACTIC 72HRS WHEN TICK IS SEEN OR ENDEMIC AREA

A

CLINICAL

SEROLOGIC IGM, IGG, ELISA, WESTERN BLOT AND PCR

DOXYCYCLINE OR AMOXICILLIN OR CEFUROXIME

DOXYCYCLINE OR AMOXICILLIN OR CEFUROXIME

IV CEFTRIAXONE

DOXYCYCLINE

60
Q

TIP- RISK OF HIV: VAGINAL TRANSMISSION INSERTIVE
TIP- RISK OF HIV: VAGINAL RECEPTIVE
TIP- RISK OF HIV: ORAL SEX RECEPTIVE WITH EJACULATE
TIP- RISK OF HIV:NEEDLE STICK
TIP-RISK OF HIV:ANAL SEX
TIP- RISK OF HIV:MOTHER TO CHILD PERINATAL TRANSMISSION
TIP- RATE OF CD4 DROP IN HIV

A 
1 OUT OF 3-10 THOUSAND
1 OUT OF 1 THOUSAND
1 OUT OF 1 THOUSAND
1 OUT OF 300
1 OUT OF 100
1 OUT OF 300
50-100 CELLS PER MICROLITER
61
Q

DIAGNOSIS-HIV+ 50/MICROLITERS

A

PROFOUND IMMUNOSUPPRESION AIDS

62
Q

DIAGNOSIS- THE 6 DISEASES POSSIBLE WITH HIV + 200/MICROLITER?

A

VZV, HSV, TUBERCULOSIS, CANDIDIASIS, BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA, KAPOSI SARCOMA

63
Q 
INITIAL TEST- HIV 
INITIAL TEST- ELISA, HIV +
INITIAL TEST- HIV+, MOTHER OF INFANT THAT MAYBE INFECTED
INITIAL TEST- HIV+ WITH TREATMENT
INITIAL TEST- TO START HIV TREATMENT
A

ELISA

WESTERN BLOT

PCR OR VIRAL CULTURE

VIRAL LOAD (PCR-RNA LEVEL)

VIRAL RESISTANCE TESTING (GENOTYPING)

64
Q

INITIAL TREAT- HIV BELOW 350-500/MICROLITER OR VIRAL LOAD >100,000/MICROLITER OR OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION

A

3 OF 2 DIFFERENT CLASSES OF ANTIRETROVIRAL

65
Q

TIP- BEST HIV COMBINATION
TIP- 4 NON-NUCLEOSIDE RTI’s
TIP- –NAVIR
TIP- HIV-2 ENTRY INHIBITORS,INTEGRASE INHIBITOR

A

EMTRICITABINE, TENOFOVIR AND EFAVIRENZ (ATRIPLA)

EFAVIRENZ, ETRAVIRINE, NERIRAPINE, RILPIVIRINE

PROTEASE INHIBITORS

ENFUVIRTIDE, MARAVIROC, RALTEGRAVIR

66
Q

INITIAL TREAT- HIV EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS DURATION

67
Q

DIAGNOSIS- HIV DRUG + ANEMIA
DIAGNOSIS- HIV DRUG + PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY AND PANCREATITIS
DIAGNOSIS- HIV DRUG + HYPERSENSITIVITY, STEVENS-JOHNSON REACTION
DIAGNOSIS-HIV DRUG+ HYPERLIPIDEMIA, HYPERGLYCEMIA
DIAGNOSIS- HIV DRUG + NEPHROLITHIASIS
DIAGNOSIS- HIV DRUG+ RENAL INSUFFICIENCY

A

ZIDOVUDIN

SATAVUDINE, DIDANOSINE

ABACAVIR (HLA-B5701)

PROTEASE INHIBITORS

INDINAVIR

TENOFOVIR

68
Q

TIP- HIV DRUG TO AVOID WHEN PREGNANT

TIP- TRUE OR FALE: ALWAYS GIVE RETROVIRALS TO PREGNANT WEMON EVEN IF CD4 OVER 500

TIP- HIV MOTHER’S BABY SHOULD BE GIVEN DURING DELIVERY + 6 WEEKS AFTER

TIP- HIV MOTHER WITH VIRAL LOAD ABOVE 1000 AT THE TIME OF DELIVERY

A

EFAVIRENZ (NNRTI)

TRUE

ZIDOVUDINE

C-SECTION

USMLE Step 2 CK (9 decks)

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