Infectious Disease Flashcards
A 29-year-old man with HIV is admitted with shortness of breath. He has recently emigrated from South Africa and has only just started taking anti-retroviral medication. The auscultation of his chest is unremarkable although chest x- ray shows bilateral pulmonary interstitial shadowing. What is the investigation of choice?
A.Blood culture
B.Bronchoalveolar lavage
C.CT thorax
D.Sputum induction for histopathology
D.Sputum induction for histopathology
A 42-year-old dentist is reviewed in the medical clinic complaining of persistent lethargy for the last year. Routine blood tests show abnormal liver function tests, so a hepatitis screen is sent. The results are as follows: Anti-HAV IgG negative, HBsAg negative, Anti-HBs positive, Anti-HBc negative, and Anti-HCV positive. What do these results most likely demonstrate?
A. Co-infection with both Hepatitis B and hepatitis C
B. Chronic hepatitis A infection
C. Acute hepatitis C infection
D. Hepatitis C infection & prior B vaccination
D. Hepatitis C infection & prior B vaccination
A previously healthy 9-year-old boy is referred to hospital with a two-day history of lethargy, irritability and loss of appetite. On examination, he is febrile, drowsy and has a purpuric rash on his trunk and extremities. CSF obtained from a lumbar puncture is cloudy and contains 1540 white cells/mm3 of which 90% polymorphs, protein is 250 mg/dL (NR: 15-45), glucose 35mg/dL (NR: 50-80). Which of the following is the most likely underlying causative agent?
A.Cytomegalovirus
B.Cryptococcosis
C.Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D.Neisseria meningitidis
D.Neisseria meningitidis
A 53-year-old woman presented with complaints of fever, abdominal distension, and weight loss for the past few weeks. Her past medical history included HIV, and diabetes mellitus. Abdominal ultrasound revealed normal size and contour of the liver, normal gallbladder, and moderate ascites. Abdominal paracentesis was performed, which showed serum to ascites albumin gradient (0.7 g/dL), and high protein concentration. WBC count in ascites fluid was 500 cells/µL, with a lymphocytic predominance. Cytology did not reveal any malignant cells. Which of the following is the most probable diagnosis?
A.Cirrhotic ascites
B.Secondary peritonitis
C.Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
D.Tuberculous peritonitis
D.Tuberculous peritonitis
