Endocrinology

Question 1

A 53-year-old woman with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes presents to the emergency department complaining of vomiting, severe headache, dizziness, blurry vision, and difficulty breathing. She says that she had been at a cocktail party when the symptoms began. Her skin is notably flushed on physical examination. Which of the following medications is responsible for this reaction?
(A) Acarbose
(B) Glipizide
(C) Glyburide
(D) Metformin
(E) Tolbutamide
(F) Troglitazone

Answer 1

(E) Tolbutamide

Question 2

Growth hormones are essential to normal human growth and development, and their secretion is tightly regulated via a feedback control system involving the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the peripheral tissues. Which of the following is a stimulus for the secretion of growth hormones?
(A) Hypoglycemia
(B) Obesity
(C) Pregnancy
(D) Somatomedin excess
(E) Somatostatin therapy

Answer 2

(A) Hypoglycemia

Question 3

A 45-year-old man comes to his primary care physician complaining of back pain. On questioning, the patient indicates a recent history of polyuria, polydipsia, hypertension, and weight gain. X-ray of the spine shows an L4-L5 compression fracture. Which of the following is most likely to be elevated in this patient?
(A) Cortisol
(B) Glucagon
(C) Growth hormone
(D) Insulin
(E) Thyroid hormones

Answer 3

(A) Cortisol

Question 4

A 60-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the clinic for a follow-up examination after being placed on a new agent to help her achieve tighter glycemic control. She complains that she has suffered occasional abdominal cramps and diarrhea, adding that she has recently been experiencing increased flatulence, which has become an embarrassing nuisance. Which of the following agents best accounts for this patient’s complaints?
(A) Acarbose
(B) Chlorpropamide
(C) Glipizide
(D) Metformin
(E) Orlistat
(F) Troglitazon

Answer 4

(A) Acarbose