Infectious Disease Flashcards
- Febrile returning traveller (onset at 3-6mo)
- Fever cycles
- Anaemia
- Jaundice
- +/- Haemoglobinuria
Malaria
- Febrile returning traveller
- mild haemorrhage (bruising, gum bleed, faecal losses)
viral haemorrhagic fever
viral haemorrhagic fever: causal pathogens
- Dengue
- Yellow fever
- Congo-Crimean fever
- No-arboviruses (Lassa, Ebola, Marburg)
- Febrile returning traveller (duration <1wk)
- High fevers and rigors
- Viral haemorrhagic fever (mild bleeding)
- Jaundice
- Haematemesis
- Oliguria
- N&V
Yellow Fever
Malaria: management
Artemisinin combination therapy first-line
Quinine plus doxycycline second-line
IV artesunate in severe diseas
- Febrile returning traveller
- Abdominal pain
- Constipation and/or non-bloody yellow-green diarrhoea
- ‘Rose Spots’ around the umbilicus
- Bradycardia and cough
Typhoid fever
typhoid fever: management
Ciprofloxacin first-line
- traveller’s diarrhoea (risks: swimming, MSM)
- non-bloody diarrhoea with steatorrhoea
- bloating and abdominal pain
- lethargy and weight loss
- secondary lactose intolerance
Giardiasis
Giardiasis: investigation and management
- stool microscopy (trophozoites and cysts)
- metronidazole
- febrile returning traveller
- intermittent fever
- posterior cervical lymphadenopathy
- Chancre at the site of infection
- progresses to CNS involvement (somnolence, HA, mood Sx)
African Sleeping Sickness
(African trypanosomiasis)
African Sleeping Sickness (African trypanosomiasis): management
IV pentamidine or suramin
For CNS disease: IV melarsoprol
- often asymptomatically initially
- chancre at the site of infection
- myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy
- GI disease (megaoesophagus, megacolon, sigmoid volvulus)
Chagas Disease
(American Trypanosomiasis)
Chagas Disease (American Trypanosomiasis): management
In acute phase: benznidaole or nifurtimox
In chronic phase: supportive
- febrile returning traveller (risks: farm work, sewage works)
- early fever, flu-like symptoms
- subconjunctival haemorrhage
- progresses to AKI, hepatitis, aseptic meningitis
Leptospirosis (Weil’s Disease)
Leptospirosis (Weil’s Disease): management
benzylpenicillin or doxycycline
if icteric symptoms (CNS): ceftriaxone
