Infectious Disease

Question 1

Patho

Answer 1

prefix meaning disease

Question 2

Disease

Answer 2

disorder of structure or function

Question 3

Pathogen

Answer 3

Microorganism that causes disease

Question 4

Are disorders diseases?

Answer 4

No, disorders are not diseases

Question 5

Can infection cause a disease

Answer 5

Yes!

Question 6

Infectious Disease

Answer 6

Caused by microorganisms (pathogens) are communicable (spread from one person to the other)

Question 7

Where is normal Microbial Flora found?

Answer 7

Skin, nose, throat, urinary tract, etc

Question 8

What can normal Microbial flora do?

Answer 8

Cause disease if immune system is compromised (ie, colon fluid can cause infection if spilled into abdomen during surgery

Question 9

How can you transmit infectious disease?

Answer 9

Direct contact, non-direct contact, food contamination, contaminated medical device, mother to child, contact with animals, carriers, etc.

Question 10

Virulence

Answer 10

Degree to which a pathogen makes an organism ill (ability to cause damage to a host)

Question 11

Etiology

Answer 11

study of cause of disease (development)

Question 12

Pathogenesis

Answer 12

how disease begins and progresses

Question 13

Disorder

Answer 13

lack of normal functioning of physical or mental process

Question 14

Diseases are disorders

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Infection

Answer 15

Microorganisms that infect body tissue

Question 16

Noninfectious disease

Answer 16

Not caused by pathogenic agents, cannot be transferred from one person to another, factors include genetic, environment, nutrition, lifestyle patterns

Question 17

Examples of Infectious Diseases

Answer 17

Viruses (influenza, AIDS, COVID-19), Bacteria (Strep throat, TB, UTI), Fungai (ringworm, fungal nail infections), Parasites (malaria)

Question 18

Bacteria

Answer 18

Use fimbriae to stick to host cell, can develop resistance to antibiotics

Question 19

Viruses

Answer 19

Use spike proteins to bind and enter host cells, may remain dormant inside host cells

Question 20

Normal Microbial Flora

Answer 20

Microorganisms that live in/on your body and do not cause you harm (normally)

Question 21

How can it be transmitted through bodily fluid

Answer 21

Sexual contact, blood transfusion, unclean needles, skin wounds, bites

Question 22

What is pathogenesis?

Answer 22

Uncontrolled growth of pathogens destroy host tissues, leads to symptoms

Question 23

What does infection trigger?

Answer 23

Inflammatory response

Question 24

What is an inflammatory response?

Answer 24

Immune cells go to site to fight invader

Question 25

Antibiotics

Answer 25

fight bacteria

Question 26

Antivirals

Answer 26

fight virus

Question 27

Antifungal

Answer 27

fight fungi

Question 28

antiparasitics

Answer 28

fight parasites

Question 29

Signs and symptoms

Answer 29

fever is the most common but there is upper respiratory, lower respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary

Question 30

Upper respiratory symptoms

Answer 30

runny, nose sore throat, cough

Question 31

Lower Respiratory Symptoms

Answer 31

difficulty breathing, wheezing

Question 32

Gastrointestinal symptoms

Answer 32

diarrhea, nausea, vomiting

Question 33

Urinary Symptoms

Answer 33

frequent urination, burning sensation, cloudy urine

Question 34

System infection = ?

Answer 34

Body wide infection

Question 35

Sepsis

Answer 35

Body’s extreme reaction to an infection: fever, weakness, sweating, rapid breathing, and heart rate

Question 36

Septic Shock

Answer 36

hypotension, signs of organ damage, confusion, reduced urinary output

Question 37

How are you diagnosed?

Answer 37

Based on symptoms of lab tests that indicate presence or identity of pathogens

Question 38

Examples of diagnosis

Answer 38

Blood test, urine test, throat swab, stoop tests, spinal tap

Question 39

How can it be prevented?

Answer 39

hygiene, hand washing, food safety, safe sex, vaccines, prophylactic antibiotics