Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Flashcards

1
Q

What causes infectious bovine rhinotracheitis? What are 3 subtypes?

A

bovine herpesvirus-1

  1. BHV-1.1 = respiratory
  2. BHV-1.2 = respiratory and genital (infectious pustular vulvovaginitis)
  3. BHV-5 = neurologic
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2
Q

What is the most common modes of transportation of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis? What are 3 other possibilities?

A

airborne or direct contact

  1. breeding
  2. in utero
  3. during birth if passing through infected vagina
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3
Q

How do cattle remain as carriers of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis?

A

latent infection maintained in ganglia –> activated by stress

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4
Q

What are the 6 main forms of disease associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis?

A
  1. respiratory
  2. abortion
  3. ocular
  4. infectious pustular vulvovaginitis
  5. generalized neonatal infection
  6. encephalitis
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5
Q

What is a classical lesion associated with respiratory infectious bovine rhinotracheitis? What are some other signs?

A

inflammation of the muzzle and nostrils (red nose), nasal discharge, small white plaques in nares

  • fever 104-107 F
  • immunosuppression
  • inappetence, depression, rapid breathing
  • tracheitis - non-productive cough
  • entire herd is commonly infected, death uncommon
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6
Q

What are the 2 major signs of ocular infectious bovine rhinotracheitis?

A
  1. severe conjunctivitis
  2. excessive clear ocular discharge with corneal opacity, which make the surrounding hair look crusty
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7
Q

What is the classic sign of infectious pustular vulvovaginitis associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis? What else may be seen?

A

red spots and pustules lining the vulva and vagina OR penis (balanoposthitis)

  • vulvar discharge
  • drop in milk production
  • excessive tail twitching
  • frequent urination
  • persists for 2-3 weeks
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8
Q

When do abortions associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis most commonly occur? What is it a result of?

A

5-6 months of gestation

fetal death –> fetus is commonly partially decomposed

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9
Q

Other than infection, how does infectious bovine rhinotracheitis induce abortion?

A

giving a modified live vaccine to pregnant animals or those in contact with pregnant animals

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10
Q

What 5 organs are involved with neonatal generalized infectious bovine rhinotracheitis?

A
  1. respiratory tract
  2. GI tract
  3. liver
  4. kidneys
  5. adrenals

(usually fatal)

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11
Q

What 2 modes of infection can lead to neonatal generalized infectious bovine rhinotracheitis?

A
  1. wild type virus infection
  2. live vaccines
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12
Q

What treatment is recommended for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis?

A

SUPPORTIVE CARE + antimicrobials for secondary infections + Flunixin + shade, water, and good feed

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13
Q

What are 2 methods of controlling infectious bovine rhinotracheitis?

A
  1. isolate new additions for 30 days prior to introduction to the herd
  2. isolate infected animals immediately to prevent rapid spread
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14
Q

When should cattle be vaccinated against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis? What type of vaccine is contraindicated in neonatal calves?

A

BEFORE outbreaks –> IN or IM live vaccines in feedlot aged and adult cattle, NO live vaccines to pregnant cows

live vaccines

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