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PHASE 2A > Infections, pathogens and antibiotics > Flashcards

Infections, pathogens and antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Acne

A

Causative pathogen: propionibacterium acne

Abx: clindamycin or erythromycin (topical)
doxacycline (oral)

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2
Q

Cellulitis

A

Causative pathogen: strep pyogenes (also staph aureus and MRSA)

Abx: phenoxymethylpenicillin/ flucloxacillin

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3
Q

UTIs

A

Causative pathogens: klebsiella, E. coli (most common), enterococci, proteus, staph saprophyticus

Abx: Nitrofurantoin/ trimethoprim 3-5 days
Pylonephritis - trimethoprim/ co amoxiclav 7-14 days
Cephalexin instead of trimethoprim in pregnancy

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4
Q

Community acquired pneumonia

A

CAP: strep pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae (others: moraxella caterrhalis in immunocompromised, pseudomonas aeruginosa in CF and bronchiectasis, staph aureus in CF)

Abx: CURB-65 score 0-1: amoxicillin/ clarithromycin
2: both
3+: both + co amoxiclav

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5
Q

Atypical CAP

A

Atypical: legionella pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia psittaci, coxielia burnetti, chlamydophilia pneumniae

Abx: fluroquinolones e.g. ciprofloxacin / tetracycline

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6
Q

Hospital acquired pneumonia

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, klebsiella pseudomoniae

Abx: co amoxiclav, add cefuroxime if severe

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7
Q

TB

A

Causative pathogen: mycobacterium tuberculosis (others: mycobacterium bovis, africanum and microti)

Treatment: Rifampicin and isoniazid for 6 months, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for 2 months

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8
Q

Sinusitis

A

Causative pathogen: strep pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae

Abx: co amoxiclav

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9
Q

Epiglottitis

A

Causative pathogen: Haemophilis influenzae

Abx: ceftazidime

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10
Q

Whooping cough

A

Causative pathogen: bordetella pertussis or parapertussis

Abx: clarythromycin (if early stage)

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11
Q

Meningitis

A

Neisseria meningitidis, strep pneumoniae
In pregnant women: listeria monocytogenes
In children: E coli, strep agalactiae, listeria monocytogenes
In immunocompromised: TB, HIV

Abx: IV cefotaxime/ ceftriaxone
Add IV amoxicillin if age 50+ or immunocompromised
Prophylaxis for contacts - cirpofloxacin

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12
Q

Encephalitis

A

Most commonly viral - Herpes simplex, varicella zoster, rabies, mumps, coxsackie, japanese, tick-bourne, west nile

Treatment: acyclovir

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13
Q

Shingles

A

Varicella zoster

Treatment: acyclovir

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14
Q

Exacerbations of COPD

A

Haemophilis influenzae, strep pneumoniae, moraxella catarhalis

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15
Q

MRSA infection

A

Abx: vancomycin

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16
Q

C. difficile associated diarrhoea

A

Caused by: Carbapenems (imipenem, tetrapenem), Ciprofloxacin, co amoxiclav, clindamycin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime

Abx: vancomycin/ metronidazole

17
Q

Pneumocystic pneumonia

A

Abx: Co-trimoxazole

18
Q

Prostatitis

A

Strep faecalis, E coli, chlamydia

Abx: Ciprofloxacin, IV gentamycin or co amoxiclav if severe

19
Q

Gastritis

A

H. pylori

Amoxicillin + clarythromycin + lansoprazole

20
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Staph aureus

Abx: Vancomycin

21
Q

Septic arthritis

A

Staph aureus, haemophilis influenzae

Abx: Vancomycin for staph aureus, flucloxacillin for haem flu or other gram negative

22
Q

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

A

E coli, klebsiella, staph aureus

Cephalosporins, co amoxiclav

23
Q

Endocarditis

A

Strep viridians, staph aureus, enterococci

Abx: penicillin for strep, amoxicillin + gentamycin for enterococci

24
Q

Wound infection

A

Staph aureus/ MRSA, strep pyogenes

Abx: Cephalosporins, metronidazole

25
Q

Infective diarrhoea

A

Viral: rotavirus in children, noravirus in adults
Bacterial: E. coli, shigella, salmonella, campylobacter
Parasitic
Antibiotic associated (C diff)

Doxacycline, trimethoprim, fluroquinolones
C diff - vancomycin, metronidazole

26
Q

Diverticulitis

A

E Coli

Ciprofloxacin and metronidazole

27
Q

Chlamydia

A

Single dose Azithromycin or doxacycline for 7 days and erythromycin for 14 days

28
Q

Gonorrhoea

A

Single dose cefriaxone and azithromycin

29
Q

Syphilis

A

Benzanthine penicillin

PHASE 2A (2 decks)

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