Infections 9 - HIV

Question 1

What is CD4?

Answer 1

A glycoprotein found on the surface of T cells

HIV enters through CD4

Question 2

What is viral load?

Answer 2

Quantification of HIV in the blood

Question 3

What is the natural course of a HIV infection? (6)

Answer 3

Initial increase in viral load (seroconversion illness)
Peak in viral load
Immune system manages
Reduction in viral load but replication is constant
CD4 and T cells decrease
Big viral load increase leading to AIDS

Question 4

What are the FOUR stages of HIV?

Answer 4

Seroconversion
Asymptomatic
Symptomatic
AIDS

Question 5

How is HIV diagnosed?

Answer 5

HIV immunoassay test

Question 6

Name TWO ways of preventing HIV transmission

Answer 6

Condom use

Needle exchange

Question 7

Name FIVE monitoring requirements for those on ARV treatment

Answer 7

CD4 count
Viral load
Weight
Sexual history
Blood pressure

Question 8

Name TWO side effects of ARV treatment

Answer 8

Headache

Nausea/Vomiting

Question 9

What are the THREE long term side effects of ARV treatment?

Answer 9

Fat redistribution
Hyperlipidaemia
Hyperglycaemia

Question 10

What happens if patients do not adhere to treatment?

Answer 10

Drug resistance

Question 11

Name TWO ways of improving adherance

Answer 11

Individualising therapy to the patient

Reminders

Question 12

Name THREE counselling points

Answer 12

What the medication is and how it works
Lifelong treatment
Common and important side effects

Question 13

Name FIVE roles of the pharmacist in HIV treatment

Answer 13

Supply of medication
Education
Adherence checks
Signposting
Non-pharmacological advice