Infections Flashcards
What is natural active immunity?
Can manufacture antibodies from an attack of the disease.
What is natural passive immunity?
Antibodies enter bloodstream across placenta/milk.
What is artificial active immunity?
Able to manufacture antibodies after being give an antigen by vaccination.
What is artificial passive immunity?
Antibodies injected into bloodstream - eg: anti venom.
What is the immune response?
Homeostatic mechanism that helps deal with invasion of foreign substances and restores internal environment to normal conditions.
What Are the 2 types of immunity?
Antibody mediated and cell mediated.
What is an antigen?
Substance capable of causing a specific immune response, causes the body to produce specific antibodies.
What are the 2 types of antigens?
Self - produced in persons body that don’t trigger an immune response.
Non self - foreign compounds that do trigger an immune response.
What are antibodies?
Specialised protein formed in response to non self antigens.
Lock and key.
What is antibody mediated immunity?
Works against bacteria, toxins and viruses before entering body’s cells. Antigen reaches lymphoid tissue.
B cells (produced and matured in bone marrow) undergo rapid cell division)
B cells develop into plasma which produce antibodies and release them into blood and lymph.
Antibodies combine with antigen to destroy it.
B cells then form memory cells.
What is cell mediated immunity?
Works against transplanted tissues, organs and cancers else that have been affected by fungi or bacteria.
Foreign antigen reaches lymphoid tissue.
Certain T cells (produced in bone marrow stored in thymus) stimulated to undergo cell division.
T cells develop into killer or helper cells which migrate to site of infection.
Killer T cells destroy antigen while helper T cells promote phagocytosis.
Sensitised T cells form memory cells.
