Homeostatic Disruptions Flashcards
What is type 2 diabetes?
Develops in people about 45 years and over.
Able to produce insulin but their body doesn’t respond to it.
Cells don’t take up glucose.
Can be fixed by losing weight, eating healthy etc.
What is type 1 diabetes?
Insulin dependent.
Fault in child’s system caused beta cells to destruct so they don’t produce insulin.
Must inject themselves with insulin.
What is hyperthyroidism?
Thyroid produces too much thyroxine and can cause Graves’ disease.
Can be treated with drugs that block the thyroid glands use of iodine.
What is hypothyroidism?
Too little thyroxine produced by the thyroid gland, due to a lack of iodine.
Can cause goitre - an enlargement of the thyroid gland.
Name 4 disease disruptions to homeostasis.z
Emphysema - lung disease where walls of alveoli breaks own and reduce surface area.
Fever - elevated body temperature.
Hypertension - high blood pressure from excessive salt/alcohol intake.
Injuries - excessive blood loss limits supply of oxygen and glucose to cells.
Describe 2 hormonal treatments of homeostasis.
Hormone replacement: during menopause women can be given oestrogen and progesterone to make up for lost hormones.
Corticosteroids: arthritis occurs when immune system attacks synovial joints. They block production of substances that stimulate allergic and inflammatory responses.
How does caffeine disrupt homeostasis?
Binds to receptors on the surface of heart muscle fibres and mimics to effects of adrenaline.
How does alcohol affect homeostasis?
Depressed the CNS producing feelings of relaxation.
Stimulates production of insulin which speeds up glucose metabolism, lowering blood sugar levels.
How do drugs affect homeostasis?
Increase heart rate, body temp, blood pressure etc.
How does excessive activity affect homeostasis?
If nutrition is inadequate, excessive exercise can cause protein in muscle to broken down for energy. Can cause amenorrhea (ceased menstruation)
How can eating habits affect homeostasis?
Iron deficiency can cause anaemia.
Insufficient haemoglobin and oxygen to the body.
Energy balance is important.
