Infections Flashcards
presentation of epididymo orchitis
swollen, painful, unilateral scrotal swelling, systemic signs of fever / rigors. Preens + and cremasteric reflex in tact.
investigations for epididymo orchitis
urine dip (MC+S), NAAT if any RF, US if unsure but normally clinical diagnosis
complications of epididymo orchitis
reactive hydrocele, abscess, subfertiliy
RF of fourniers gangrene (polymicrobial)
DM, poor nutritional intake, gliflozons
what cause epididymo orchitis
local extension of infection
presentation of pyelonephritis
fever, loin pain, rigors, cystitis symptoms
RF for pyelonephritis
female, vesicoureteric reflux, diabetes
Ix for pyelonephritis
bloods (FBC, CRP, U+E), urine dip and MSU, CT KUB no contrast if any chance of obstruction
Mx of pyelonephritis
10 days of cephalosporin or quinolone (need to send urine culture first(
why do you treat asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy
risk of preterm labour
name two other bacterias that cause UTI as well as e coli
klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus saprophyticus
why does trimethoprim have to be avoided in first trimester
folate antagonist
who are at risk of MDR UTI
old people, immunosupprssed, long term catheters
why is UTI more common in pregnancy
progesterone - SM relaxation so get urine stasis and gravid uterus causes urethral dilation
Mx of UTI in pregnancy
7 days nitro
what causes acute prostatitis
ascending infection normally from Ecoli
how does prostatitis present
pain (may be perineal pain or suprapubic pain), fever, rigors, LUTS
RF for prostatitis
UTI or urogenital instrumentation, catheter, STI
Ex on prostatitis
feels tender and boggy and inguinal lymphadenopathy
Mx of prostatitis
14 day course of quinolones
when does acute prostatitis become chronic
when present for longer than 3 months, normally due to a poorly treated acute infection
complications of prostatitis
acute retention, prostate abscess, sepsis
under what circumstances do you send a urine sample for MC+S for non pregnant women
if there is visible or non visible haematuria or if the woman is >65
what antibiotic is prescribed for a pregnant woman
nitro firstline but if in third trimester then prescribe amoxicillin or cefalexin
is a urine culture needed to be sent for men
yes always
how should a UTI be treated in catheterised patient
if asymptomatic - no Tx
If symptomatic - Tx for 7 days and consider replacing the. catheter
