Infections

Question 1

Streptococcus

Answer 1

gram-positive cocci arranged in chains

Question 2

Group A streptococci

Answer 2

It can cause pharyngitis, glomerulonephritis, and rheumatic fever in humans.

It rarely causes illness in dogs and cats, although dogs can carry the organisms.

Question 3

Group C streptococci

Answer 3

rare causes of illness in healthy dogs and cats

Question 4

Group G

Answer 4

common resident microflora and are the cause of most streptococcal infections in dogs and cats.

Streptococcus canis is the most common.

Question 5

Streptococcus canis

Answer 5

The main source of infection in anal mucosa in dogs.

May be found in cats in abscesses, pyelonephritis, sinusitis, arthritis, metritis or mastitis

In dogs, it may be the cause of nonspecific infections including wounds, mammary tissues, urogenital tract, skin and ear canal.

May cause toxic shock syndrome in dogs.

Tx: Penicillin-G and ampicillin are effective for most infections

Question 6

Group D streptococci

Answer 6

Enterococcal

Commensal bacteria that inhabit the alimentary tract of humans and animals

Most commonly see in post op wounds and urogenital infections.

Question 7

Staphylococcal Infection

Answer 7

Gram positive bacteria, developing resistance to antimicrobials.
cephalosporins, penicillins and fluoroquinolones decreasing in effectivness.

Question 8

Gram Negative

Answer 8

significant cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients

Question 9

Lipid A

Answer 9

known to be toxic

Induces proinflammatory responses and endothelial dysfunction
harmful effects of endotoxin include vasodilation, enhanced vascular permeability, tissue destruction, and activation of coagulation pathways