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infections Flashcards

1
Q

what is the causative microbe and treatment for cellulitis

A

microbe: staph aureus or strep pyogenes (group A strep)

treatment: flucloxacillin

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2
Q

what is the causative microbe and treatment for tonsillitis

A

microbe: strep pyogenes (group A strep)

treatment: penicillin V

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3
Q

what is the most common microbe for meningococcal sepsis and the treatment

A

microbe: neisseria meningitidis

treatment: iv or im benzylpenicillin

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4
Q

what is the most common microbe for a skin abscess and the treatment

A

microbe: staph aureus

treatment: vancomycin (if MSRA), if not, flucloxacillin

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5
Q

what is the most common microbe for peritonitis and the treatment

A

microbe: escherichia coli

treatment: trimethoprim

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6
Q

what is the most common microbe for pneumonia with sepsis and the treatment

A

microbe: streptococcus pneumoniae

treatment:

mild - amoxicillin

moderate - amoxicillin and doxycycline (sans amoxicillin if penicillin allergy)

severe - co-amoxiclav and doxycycline (meropenem instead of co-amoxiclav if penicillin allergy)

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7
Q

what is the most common microbe for pneumonia and the treatment

A

microbe: haemophilus influenzae

treatment: co-amoxiclav

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8
Q

what is the most common microbe for endocarditis and the treatment

A

microbe: viridans streptococci

treatment: IV penicillin

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9
Q

whats the most common microbe in scarlet fever and the treatment

A

microbe: streptococcus pyogenes (group A strep)

treatment: pen V

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10
Q

name an example of a gram +ve cocci in chains

A

strep pyogenes (group A strep)

strep pneumonia

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11
Q

name an example of a gram +ve cocci in clusters

A

staph aureus

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12
Q

name an example of a gram -ve bacili in chains

A

Escherichia coli

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13
Q

name an example of a gram -ve cocci

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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14
Q

what are the symptoms, causative organism and treatment for meningococcal meningitis

A

symptoms

  • purpuric rash
  • neck stiffness
  • thunderclap headache

microbe: Neisseria meningitidis

treatment: ceftriaxone

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15
Q

what is the treatment for helicobacter pylori

A

PPI (omeprazole)

+ 2 antibiotics (for 7-14 days)
eg. amoxicillin
metronidazole
clarithromycin

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16
Q

treatment for c. difficile

A
  • vancomycin (first line)
  • fidaxomicin (2nd line)
  • metronidazole (in severe cases)
17
Q

what groups of antibiotics act to inhibit cell wall synthesis and give an example of each

A

beta lactams

  • penicillin eg. penicillin V
  • cephalosporin eg. ceftriaxone
  • carbapenems eg. meropenem

glucopeptides

  • vancomycin
18
Q

what groups of antibiotics act to inhibit protein synthesis and give an example of each

A

tetracyclines - doxycycline

aminoglycosides - gentamicin

macrolides - erythromycin

19
Q

what group of antibiotics act to inhibit nucleic acid synthesis and give 3 examples

A

quinolones

  • trimethoprim
  • metronidazole
  • ciprofloxacin
20
Q

what group of antibiotics act to inhibit cell membrane function and give an example

A

polymixins
- colistin

21
Q

what is the antiviral treatment for influenza

A

oseltamivir (inhibits neuraminidase)

22
Q

what is the treatment for herpes and varicella zoster (chicken pox)

A

acyclovir (inhibits DNA polymerase)

23
Q

what is the treatment for candida albicans

A

nystatin or clotrimazole

24
Q

what are the 2 most common microbes and treatment for malaria

A

microbe: Plasmodium falciparum
treatment: quinine and doxycycline

microbe: Plasmodium vivax
treatment: chloroquine

25
Q

treatment for uti

A

nitrofurantoin
(trimethoprim 2nd line)

26
Q

treatment for otitis media

A

amoxicillin

27
Q

treatment for chlamydia

A

PO doxycycline

28
Q

treatment for gonorrhoea

A

IM ceftriaxone

29
Q

treatment for infective olecranon bursitis

A

flucloxacillin (or clarithromycin)

30
Q

treatment for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

A

IV cefotaxime

31
Q

treatment of meningitis in under vs over 3 month olds

A

meningitis in under 3 month olds? IV amoxicillin + IV cefotaxime

meningitis in over 3 months olds? IV cefotaxime (or ceftriaxone)

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