Infections Flashcards
Clinical signs of syphilis [8]
- Heavy, pale placenta
- rash on palms and soles
- conjugated jaundice
- pallor
- oedmea
- respiratory distress due to the pneumonia
- hepatosplenomegaly
- metaphysitis after doing xray
- VDRL/RPR is positive
treatment of congenital syphilis [2]
- IV 12 hr for 10 days of Pen G
if mom is affected, but baby unaffected, give baby 50 0000 units/kg of benzathine penicillin IM
Signs of CMV
Think of the opposite of mega
- microcephaly
- deafness
- chorioretinitis
- thrombocytopenia
treatment of CMV and how long [2]
Also, how do you confirm the disease? [2]
Ganciclovir/ valganciclovir, minimum of 6 weeks
Urine for PCR within first 3 weeks of life
rubella signs during the first trimester: [5]
Think of ruby red
- blueberry muffin rash
- cataracts
- cardiac malformations
- cns damage
- deafness
what can omphalitis lead to? [2]
peritonitis and septicaemia
what can complicate omphalitis? [1]
tetanus
clinical signs of septicaemia
poor feeding poor weight gain lethargy hypothermia pallor apnea jaundice abdominal distension
complications of septicaemia think of systems
meningitis, pneumonia, DIC, hypoglycemia, acidosis
treatment for septicaemia
early onset: ampicillin and gentamicin
late-onset: aminoglycosides and carbapenems
if staphylococcus is suspected, add vancomycin
Which organisms are not filtered out by the placenta?
Rubella virus, HIV, TORCHS
What immune defences does breast milk have?
IgG, IgM, IgA, lymphocytes, macrophages, and lysosymes
What protects against gram-negative organisms? [2]
lactoferrin and transferrin
breastfeeding promotes the growth of and inhibits what?
lactobacilli and inhibits ecoli
What can syphillis cause in the first trimester
abortion, still birth
what should the treatment for infected mothers be
2.4 million units of benzathine penicillin
when should hepatitis B vaccine be given to infants
within 24 hours of life
what can chronic hepatitis lead to
cirrhosis or hepatocelullar carcinoma
Treatment of gonococcal conjunctivitis
normal saline plus ceftriaxone 50 mg IM
Non - gonococal conjunctivitis treatment
chloramphenicol applied 8 hrly for 5 days
How do you treat thrush
give nystatin or micronazole
