Infection Prevention and Control

Question 0

Surgical Asepsis

Answer 0

• sterile technique

- goal to eliminate all microorganisms

Question 1

Medical Asepsis

Answer 1

• clean technique

- reduce and prevent spread of microorganisms

Question 2

Chain of Infection

Answer 2

• all must occur for sickness
  1) Pathogens (etiologic agent)–>organism
  2) Reservoir–>where it lives
  3) Portal of Exit–>how it leaves host
  4) Mode/Route of Transmission–>how it gets to new host
  
  • direct
  • indirect–>vehicle, vector, airborne
    5) Portal of Entry–>how enters new host
    6) Susceptible Host–>new host must be susceptible

Question 3

Normal Defence Mechanisms

Answer 3

• skin
• mouth
• eye
• respiratory tract
• urinary tract
• GI tract
• vagina

Question 4

Factors Affecting Defense

Answer 4

• age
• nutrition
• stress
• heredity
• disease
• drugs and meds

Question 5

PPE Principles

Answer 5

• break chain of infection
• provide barrier
• protect nurse, client, others
  
  • ex. Reverse isolation
    
    • those with suppressed immune systems

Question 6

Airborne Precautions

Answer 6

• transmitted by airborne droplet private room, neg. air pressure, keep door closed
• to wear–>N95 mask, gown, gloves

Question 7

Droplet Precautions

Answer 7

• serious illnesses, particle droplets >5 microns
• ex. diptheria, pneumonia, mumps
• precautions–>private room
• wear–>mask, gown, gloves

Question 8

Contact Precautions

Answer 8

• transmission by direct/indirect contact
• ex. C.Diff, MRSA
• private room, HH, gloves, gown

Question 9

Psychological Implication of Isolation

Answer 9

• sensory deprivation
• feeling of inferiority
• depression
• withdrawal
• let them know it’s a precaution for everyone’s safety