Infection/Inflammation Flashcards
What is pneumonia?
bacterial, fungal or viral infection that inflames air sacs, may be filled with fluid
S/S of pneumonia
tachycardia, fever, chills, cough, tachypnea, dyspnea, myalgia, arthralgia
treatment of pneumonia
antibiotics, NSAIDS, oxygen, antipyretics
what is influenza?
acute viral infection of respiratory tract, ABC types
S/S of influenza
fever, sore throat, severe nasal congestion, malaise, cough, myalgia
treatment of influenza
Tamiflu, hydration, rest, NSAIDS, antipyretics
prevent pneumonia
flu shot, pneuovax vaccine, Prevnar 13 vaccine,
diagnostic tests pneumonia
sputum culture, chest xray, CBC, CT scan,
prevent influenza
vaccine, hand hygiene
diagnostic tests influenza
rapid influenza diagnostic test
what is UTI
infection of any part of the urinary system (kidneys, bladder, urethra) acute pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis. E coli
treatment of UTI
antibiotics, wipe back to front, hydration,
S/S of UTI
dysuria, urge to urinate, passing small amounts of urine, cloudy urine, pelvic pain, strong odor, red/pink urine
diagnostic tests of UTI
urine culture, ultra sound, CT scan,
what is appendicitis
acute inflammation of vermiform appendix, stool or other object blocking opening and causing inflammation
S/S of appendicitis
dull pain near navel and upper abdomen that becomes sharp as it moves to lower right quadrant pain (McBurneys Point), fever, rebound pain, loss of appetite
prevent appendicitis
no prevention, high fiber diet
treatment of appendicitis
appendectomy, medication, IV fluids
nursing care appendicitis
prep for surgery, NPO until bowel sounds return, supine or HOB elevated, changes in pain level mean rupture
nursing care pneumonia
respiratory therapy (incentive spirometer, oxygen, breathing treatments), getting patient out of bed, oral care, assessing lung sounds
nursing care UTI
encourage voiding every 3 hours, avoid irritating drinks, pain relief/antispasmotic, finish ALL antibiotics
nursing care influenza
droplet precaution, no one with egg allergy can receive flu shot, vaccination
what is conjunctivitis
inflammation of outer membrane of eyeball and inner eyelid, viral and bacterial or allergens
prevent conjunctivitis
change pillow case often, avoid rubbing eyes, don’t share makeup
S/S of conjunctivitis
scratching, purulent eye discharge (bacterial), pink/red sclera
treatment of conjunctivitis
bacterial (antibiotic eye drops), viral resolve on its own, cold compress, steroids to promote tissue growth and reduce inflammation
diagnostic test appendicitis
CT scan, ultrasound
diagnostic test of conjunctivitis
eye exam, eye culture, slit lamp exam
what is GBS
group B streptococcus, harmless in adults, infants get group B strep disease
S/S of GBS
fever, difficulty feeding, lethargy, cyanotic, difficulty breathing, irritability
treatment of GBS
IV antibiotics during labor
diagnostic test
swab of anus and vagina
infant problems with GBS
hearing loss, learning disabilities, cerebral palsy, seizures
what is Otis media
ear infection, bacteria causing inflammation in inner ear canal,
S/S of Otis media
ear pain, tugging/pulling on ear, trouble laying flat, refusal to eat, fluid draining from ear
treatment of Otis media
antibiotics, antipyretics, tympanostomy tube (drains fluid), myringomy (slit in eardrum to relieve pressure)
diagnostic test Otis media
tympanometry (evaluates for fluid in ear), visual inner exam with otoscope
complication of diarrhea
metabolic acidosis
complication of vomiting
metabolic alkalosis
treatment of diarrhea/vomiting
bananas, rice, applesauce, toast, fluids, antidiarrheals, fiber, antiemetics (prevent nausea)
rotavirus
virus that causes inflammation of stomach and intestine (gastroenteritis), fecal-oral route,
S/S of rotavirus
fever, vomiting, watery diarrhea
prevention of rotavirus
rotateq vaccine and rotatrix
cholecystitis
inflammation of gall bladder, calculous and acalculous
