Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 3 Infectious Diseases > Infection in primary care > Flashcards

Infection in primary care Flashcards

1
Q

Differentials for rhinorrhoea, fever and yellow mucus discharge

A

Common cold - symptoms peak at day 3

Acute bacterial sinusitis > 10 days

Viral sinusitis

Allergic rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What organism commonly causes acute bacterial sinusitis

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Haemophilus influenzae

Moraxella catarrhalis

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ix for sinusitis

A

Anterior rhinoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mx for sinusitis

A

High dose nasal steroid 14 days - fluticasone

Back up abx if symptoms worsen - phenoxymethylpenicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

S/E of fluticasone

CUSHINGOID

A

Cataracts

Ulcers

Striae, thinning and bruising

HTN, hirsutism, hyperlipidaemia

Infections

Necrosis - AVN of femoral heal

GI upset

Osteoporosis

Insomnia

Diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When to refer to hospital for sinusitis

A

Severe systemic infection

Orbital complications

Cranial complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Complications of sinusitis

A

Orbital:

  • cellulitis
  • abscess
  • cavernous sinus thrombosis

Intracranial:

  • meningitis
  • encephalitis
  • abscess
  • venous thrombosis

Bones:
- osteomyelitis

Progression to osteomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Earache differentials

A

Otitis interna
Otitis media
Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Otitis media with effusion presentation

A

Commonly presents in children

Conductive hearing loss rather than pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chronic suppurative otitis media presentation

A

Symptoms present for > 2 weeks

Ear discharge which relieves pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Otitis externa presentation

A

Red, swollen ear canal with shedding of scaly skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Diagnosis otitis media

A

History

Otoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pathogens that cause otitis media

A

Haemophilus influenzae

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Risk factors for otitis media in adults

A

Smoking

Increased contact with children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Otoscopy findings for otitis media

A

Red yellow colour

Bulging

Loss of landmarks

Perforation with discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mx of otitis media

A

Self limiting 3 - 7 days

Paracetamol

NSAIDS

If systemically unwell:

  • amoxicillin immediately 5 -7 days
  • erythromycin if pregnant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Immediate specialist referral for otitis media

A
  1. Severe systemic
  2. Mastoiditis
  3. Meningitis
  4. Intracranial abscess
  5. Sinus thrombosis
  6. Facial nerve palsy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Complications of otitis media

A

Otitis media with effusion

Recurrence

Hearing loss

Tympanic membrane perforation

Labyrinthitis

19
Q

Cough differentials

A

Croup

Common cold

Asthma

Epiglottitis

Foreign body obstruction

Peritonsillar abscess

20
Q

Epiglottitis presentation

A

non barking cough

Drooling

Fever

Head extension

21
Q

Peritonsillar abscess presentation

A

Very gradual onset

Dysphagia

Tachypnoea

Stridor

Neck stiffness

Unilateral cervical adenopathy

22
Q

Croup

A

Inflammation of the upper airways due to parainfluenza

  • barking cough
  • stridor
  • chest wall indrawing
23
Q

mx of mild croup

A

Mild - barking cough

1 immediate dose of dexamethasone

Paracetamol

24
Q

How long does croup symptoms take to resolve

A

48 hours

or barking cough replaced by wet congested cough

25
Q

Mx of moderate to life threatening croup

A

Consider hospital admission

Oxygen

Oral dexamethasone whilst awaiting admission

or nebulised budesonide

or IM dexamethasone

26
Q

Moderate croup

A

Barking cough
Stridor
Sternal recession at rest

27
Q

Severe croup

A

Barking cough
Stridor
Sternal recession at rest

with agitation and lethargy

28
Q

Impending respiratory failure with croup

A

Barking cough
Stridor
Sternal recession at rest

With fatigue, pallor and cyanosis

29
Q

Classifications of acne

A

Mild: Non inflamed lesions

Moderate: widespread with increased no. of inflammatory papules and pustules

Severe: widespread papules, pustules and nodules with scarring

30
Q

Acne rosacea

A

Transient flushing and erythema associated with inflammatory papules and pustules on cheeks

31
Q

Mx of acne vulgaris

A
  1. Topical retinoid - contraindicated in pregnancy
    - contain benzoyl peroxide
  2. Topical retinoid and topical abx - clindamycin
  3. Oral abx - doxycycline for max 3 months
  4. COCP - dyanette
  5. Dermatology referral
32
Q

Differentials for child rash

A

Atopic eczema

Allergic contact dermatitis

Milaira Rubra - heat rash

33
Q

Atopic eczema in children

A

Red
Itchy
Dry skin

Nappy area is spared

FHx

34
Q

Mx of nappy rash

A

Conservative:
- creams to protect skin around groin area

  • hydrocortisone if inflamed
  • oral flucloxacillin 7 days if confirmed skin swab
35
Q

Differentials for eye pain

A

Bacterial conjunctivitis

Blepharitis

Style

Meibomian cyst

Acute glaucoma
Scleritis

36
Q

Scleritis presentation

A

Intense eye pain

Blurred vision

Sensitivity to light

37
Q

Blepharitis presentation

A

Inflammation of the eyelid

Crust around roots of eyelids

Infected sebaceous gland

38
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis presentation

A

Acute conjunctival erythema

Grittiness and burning

Purulent discharge

Mild pruritis

Pre - auricular lymphadenopathy

39
Q

Mx of conjunctivitis

A

Self limiting within 5 - 7 days

Can prescribe:
Topical abx:
- chloramphenicol drops or ointment
- fusidic eye drops

40
Q

Red flags for conjunctivitis

A

Reduced visual acuity

Headache and photophobia

red sticky eyes in a neonate within 30 days

History of trauma

Copious rapidly progressive discharge

Infection with herpes

41
Q

Mx of otitis externa

A

Topical ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone - otomise ear spray

42
Q

Commonest bacteria for stye

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

43
Q

Vaccination 6 in 1

A 
Diptheria 
Hep B 
Haemophilus influenzae 
Polio 
Tetanus 
Whooping cough

Year 3 Infectious Diseases (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions