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Micro 3 > Infection Control/Epidemiology > Flashcards

Infection Control/Epidemiology Flashcards

1
Q

alcohols

A

-kills vegetative bacteria and fungi

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2
Q

ethylene oxide

A

-invented by space program/inside gum wrappers lol/useful
gaseous sterilant,destroys microbes including endospores. penetrates fabrics equipment,implantable devices aka-pacemakers.

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3
Q

chlorine

A

-destroys all microorganism and virusus can put it in drinking water ti disinfect/irritates skin and mucous membrane

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4
Q

silver nitrate

A

-used as antiseptic in creams on bandages etc. in eye drops for infants born with gonorrhea

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5
Q

Pheneol coeffiencient

A

-earliest disinfectants-bad odor-irritates skin-not reliable on all viruses

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6
Q

Disinfection

A
  • elimination of most or all pathogens-some microbes may remain
  • Remember if you’re going to sterilize an inanimate object you disinfect it.
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7
Q

Sterilization

A

-removal of all pathogens. free of microbes including endospores and virusus

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8
Q

Antiseptic

A
  • used on living tissue, ex:skin

- If you disinfect a human tissue you antiseptic.

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9
Q

sanitized

A

-substantially reduced microbe population to meet acceptable health standards

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10
Q

The Autoclave

A

121 degrees 15lbs/sq inch-instruments,dressings,culture mediums,syringes etc/flash sterilization/PRIONS thought to be destroyed at 132 degrees for 1 hour

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11
Q

Hot Oil

A

-160 degrees/dental instruments,does not rust metal

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12
Q

Moist heat

A

-irreversible denatures proteins

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13
Q

HEPA air filters (high efficeint particulate air)

A

removes nearly all microbes in the air

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14
Q

Boiling

A
  • 100 degrees C – denatures bacterial proteins
    Kills vegetative forms of bacteria, many viruses, fungi, within about 10 min.
    Excludes some endospores and viruses. Endospores survive 20+ hours.
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15
Q

UV light

A

Causes adjacent thymine molecules on DNA to crimp together on the same side of the ladder, then there’s a mutation and that’s the end of it. incineration

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16
Q

Cavitron

A

-ultrasonic vibrations-is COLD WATER BOILING-cleans teeth(dentures I would assume) dental plates, jewelry

17
Q

contagious

A

-transmits w/ease

18
Q

communicable

A

-contagious-from one host to another.transmission determined by interaction between environment,pathogen and host

19
Q

Endemic

A

-constantly present in population like cold or he said valley fever.

20
Q

epidemic

A

-unusually large number of cases

21
Q

pandemic

A

-global ex:aids

22
Q

outbreak

A

-cluster or group of cases at specific time and population. may signal an onset of an epidemic

23
Q

Carriers

A

-asymptomatic-harbor pathogen and shed organism intermittently or constandly for months,years,lifetime ex:typhoid Mary

24
Q

Vehicle borne

A

fomites, food and water,cross contamination(one food to another)

25
Q

vectors

A

-living organisms that can carry pathogen ex:mosquitoes,flies fleas.
ticks can carry internally and externally/can be mechanical or biological/must control vector to prevent disease

26
Q

Attack Rate

A
  • Number of cases developing in a group of people who were exposed to the infectious agent.
27
Q

Morbidity Rate

A 
incidence of disease in a defined population 
Contagious diseases (for example, influenza) often have high morbidity rate: infected individual may transmit to several
28
Q

Mortality Rate

A
  • Percentage of the population that die from the disease.
29
Q

Period of Incubation

A

The time between the entry of t he pathogen into the host and the appearance of symptoms
2 – 4 days – Influenza

1 – 2 weeks – Measles

30
Q

Period of Prodromal Symptoms

A

Indistinct general symptoms – nausea, headache,muscle ache

“Competition For Supremacy.”

31
Q

PERIOD OF DECLINE

A

Sweating common, as body releases excessivec amounts of heat

Normal skin color returns

32
Q

PERIOD OF CONVALESENCE

A

Body returns to normal

Micro 3 (3 decks)

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