Infection Control

Question 0

Chain of infection:

Answer 0

Infectious agent> reservoir (exogenous or endogenous) > portolan of exit> mode of transmission> portal of entry> susceptible host. each link has to be present to cause infection

Question 1

HAI:

Answer 1

Healthcare associated infections, 2 million annually, most common: UTI, sx, bacteremia, and pneumonia

Question 2

Defenses against infection:

Answer 2

Normal flora, body systems, inflammatory response, and immune response

Question 3

Four signs of inflammation:

Answer 3

Erythema, edema, warmth, pain

Question 4

Methods to prevent infection:

Answer 4

HAND HYGIENE, PPE, adequate staffing, patient placement, disinfection/sterilization

Question 5

Universal precautions:

Answer 5

All body secretions, excretions, membranes, and tissue are potentially infectious. * treat each patient the same, as though their infectious*

Question 6

Clients susceptible to infection:

Answer 6

Overall general health, nutrition, lifestyle, age, sex life, stress level, place of resistance.

Question 7

Clinical manifestations:

Answer 7

Fever, inflammation, loss of function, ^ HR/RR, malaise/loss if energy, anorexia/vomiting, complaints that indicate infection

Question 8

Lab data to indicate infection:

Answer 8

^ WBCs, differential, sed rate, positive cx, C-reactive protein

Question 9

Major goal of infection control:

Answer 9

1: maintain defenses, 2: prevent the spread, 3: reduce problems from infection