Infection control

Question 1

basic structure of GI

Answer 1

serosa
submucosa
mucosa
muscularis

Question 2

mouth

Answer 2

salivary glands- moistens food, enzymes, fights bacteria
teeth t grind
epiglottis safe passage of food

Question 3

oesophagus

Answer 3

25cm length
produces mucous
at lower end gastrointestinal.cardiac sphincter
blood supplied by gastric artery

Question 4

Stomach

Answer 4

J shape
lines with folds called rugae
churn and store food
protein digestion 
absorption of water

Question 5

Gastric Cells

Answer 5

Goblet cells- secrete mucous
parietal cells- HCL acid
chief cells-pepsin (digestive enzyme)
g cells-gastrin

Question 6

Small intestine

Answer 6

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

absorption of vitamines nutrients and water

Question 7

Digestive enzymes

Answer 7

Amylase- pancreas- converts starch to maltose

Maltase- small intestine-converts maltose to glucose

Lactase- small intestine-converts lactose int galactose and glucose

Sucrase-small intestine sucrose to fructose

Pepsin-gastric glands- proteins t peptides

Trypsin- pancreas- peptides to amino acids

Peptidases- small intestine- hydrolysis proteins to amino acids

lipase- pancreas-fats to monoglycerides, glycerol and fatty acids

Question 8

Gall bladder

Answer 8

collects bile

which is released into duodenum to emulsify fats

Question 9

Pancreas

Answer 9

Islets of langerhans (endocrine)
Acinar cells (exocrine)

Releases digestive enzymes
trypsin
lipas
amylase

Question 10

Liver

Answer 10

Hepatocytes
produce albumin
kupffer cells- macrophages
500+ functions

Question 11

Nervous control gut

Answer 11

Sympathetic:
vasoconstriction of blood vessles
inhibition of gastro motility and gastro secretions
stimulates glycogen breakdown in liver to release glycogen stores
decreased insulin release

parasympathetic:
opposite

Question 12

Clotting cascade

Answer 12

X to Xa to prothrombin and thrombin using ca+2
Into fibrinogen and fibrin
into fibrin clot