Infection Control

Question 1

What is the chain of infection?

Answer 1

Infectious agent
Reservoir
Port of exit
Modes of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host

Question 2

What are the body’s defences against infection?

Answer 2

Normal flora
Body system defences
Inflammation

Question 3

What is an HAI?

Answer 3

Health care-associated infections acquired after admission into a health care setting

Question 4

What is an exogenous HAI?

Answer 4

Arises from microorganisms external to the individual that didn’t exist as normal flora.

Question 5

What is an endogenous HAI?

Answer 5

Occurs when some of the pt’s flora becomes altered and overgrowth results.

Example is a yeast infection.

Question 6

What are the major sites for HAI’s?

Answer 6

Surgical and traumatic wounds
Urinary and respiratory tract
Bloodstream

Question 7

What are the determinants of health?

Answer 7

• Income and social status
	• Social Support networks
	• Education and literacy
	• Employment and working conditions
	• Physical environments
	• Biological and genetic endowment
	• Individual health practices and coping skills
	• Healthy child development
	• Health services
	• Gender
	• Culture
Social environments

Question 8

What is asepsis?

Answer 8

The process of keeping away disease-producing microorganisms

Question 9

What is medical asepsis?

Answer 9

Procedures used to reduce and prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Ex) Hand hygiene, using clean gloves, cleaning the environment regularly

Question 10

What is surgical asepsis?

Answer 10

Procedures used to eliminate all microorganisms, including spores, from an object or area.

Question 11

What are the different types of isolation precautions?

Answer 11

Contact
Enhanced Contact
Droplet
Airborne
Contact Droplet
Contact airborne
Reverse/protective