Infection and response Flashcards
Communicable diseases are …
spread by pathogens.
Pathogens are microorganisms that …
cause disease.
Pathogens may be:
bacteria
viruses
fungi
protists
Bacteria … inside the body
reprduce
bacteria produce and release … into the body to make us feel ill
toxins
Viruses reproduce inside …
and cause damage to it to make us feel ill
cells
Viral diseases include:
1) measles and HIV in animals.
2) tobacco mosaic virus in plants.
Bacterial diseases include:
salmonella and gonorrhoea.
Malaria is caused by …
Protist
Malaria is spread by …
Mosquitos
Rose black spot is a … disease affecting plants.
fungal
Non-specific defenses are … defenses against pathogen
generic
Non-specific defenses include:
skin, nose, stomach acid and cilia and
mucus.
Specific defenses include:
immune system
the immune systems use 3 techniques:
Eating the pathogen/phagocytosis
neutralising the toxins with anti-toxins
antibody production.
Vaccines contain … or … pathogens
Dead, weakened
Vaccination prevents illness by causing a … immune response to pathogens.
rapid
vaccines help prevent illness by … the immune system on how … a pathogen
teaching, defeat
Transmission of pathogens can be reduced by … a large amount of the population
vaccinating
Painkillers only treat …
symptoms
Antibiotics only kill …
bacteria
Antibiotics do not kill
Viruses since they are in a cell
New drugs have been extracted from … and …
plants, microorganisms
The heart drug ‘Digitalis’ comes from …
foxgloves.
