Infection:

Question 1

Body temp for sepsis

Answer 1

over 101.3 or under 95

Question 2

HR for sepsis

Answer 2

over 90bmp

Question 3

rr for sepsis

Answer 3

20+

Question 4

Co2 tension for sepsis

Answer 4

<32mm/Hg

Question 5

uring output for sepsis

Answer 5

decreased

Question 6

WBC count for sepsis

Answer 6

over 12,000 or less than 4000

Question 7

band % for sepsis

Answer 7

over 10%

Question 8

BP for sepsis

Answer 8

hypotension

Question 9

neutrophil counts elevated indicates

Answer 9

bacterial infection

Question 10

elevated levels of B and T lymphoctyes, neutrophils, monocytes indicate what

Answer 10

bacterial or viral infecton

Question 11

normal WBC differential count

Answer 11

4,500 10,000

Question 12

increased basophils and esoinophils indicate what

Answer 12

parasitic infection

Question 13

increase number of bands when infection is what

Answer 13

acute

Question 14

what are the 4 diagnostic criteria for aids

Answer 14

1. CD4 count drops below 200
2. one of the following opportunistic infections
   (fungal, viral, protozoal, bacterial)
3. one of the following opportunistic cancers:
   (cervical, kaposi, burkitts, immunoblastic, lymphoma of brain)
4. wasting syndrome (loss of 10%+ body mass)

Question 15

radiation heat loss

Answer 15

heat from surface of skin into the air via electromagnetic waves (directly related to air temp, skin temp and exposure)

Question 16

conduction

Answer 16

(direct contact of one surface to another

Question 17

convection

Answer 17

air currents moving across the body surface

wet skin or clothing accelerates process

Question 18

hypothermia temp

Answer 18

below 97.2

Question 19

hyperthermia temp

Answer 19

above 99.7

Question 20

how is hyperthremia and fever different

Answer 20

fever raises the set point where hyperthermia does not

Question 21

normothermia temp

Answer 21

97.7-99.0

Question 22

what diagnostic tests indicate a lower UTI

Answer 22

• urine dipstick test (nitrates, WBC, sugar)
• blood glucose (rule out diabetes)
• clean catch sample (to determine what and what antibiotics)
• ultrasound or CT (rule out obstruction or recurrent UTI)

Question 23

what primary prevention for lower UTI

Answer 23

-take all antibiotics
-hygiene (warm soapy water after each bm)
-empty bladder before and after sex
-urinate reg. q 3-4 hours
-adequate hydration
-avoid douches, soaps, baths, powders, sprays
-8oz cranberry juice tid
OLD: bathroom program, water for dry mouth

Question 24

risks of untreated lower UTI

Answer 24

• recurrent infections
• kidney damage
• pregnant women
• men
• sepsis

Question 25

treatment for uncomplicated lower UTI

Answer 25

Phenazopyridine
antibiotics:
-bactrim
-Nitrofuranotin (macrobid)
-fosfomycin (monurol)

Question 26

recurrent lower UTI antibiotics

Answer 26

• ampicillin
• amoxicillin
• first gen cephalosporin
• fluoroquinolones

Question 27

s/s of upper uti

Answer 27

-acute onset
-nocturia
fever/chills
-flank pain
-costovertebral tenderness
-colic type abd pain, n/v
-tachy and HTN

Question 28

upper uti old people symptoms

Answer 28

non specific symptoms

-low fever, malaise, gi upset, cognitive impairment

Question 29

diagnostic tests for HIV

Answer 29

• elsa
• western blott
• 4 gen blood or saliva tests

Question 30

when to call the dr for pharyngitis

Answer 30

• child is less than 2 mo
• fever over 105??????
• stiff neck, vomiting, purplish spots, confusion, trouble breathing,

Question 31

when to call dr next day for pharyngitis

Answer 31

• fever 3+ days
• history of febrile seizures
• fever went away for a day and came back
• other concerns/questions

Question 32

causative orgs for cellulitis

Answer 32

-streptococcus and sstaph

Question 33

antibiotics for cellulitis

Answer 33

amoxicillin and flucloxacillin

Question 34

s/s of pneumonia

Answer 34

• chest pain when breathing/coughing
• productive cough
• fatigue
• fever, sweating chills
• n/v/d
• sob

Question 35

old s/s of pneumonia

Answer 35

(65+)
lower than normal temp
confusion or changes in LOC

Question 36

what position of pt with pneumonia

Answer 36

head up higher

Question 37

s/s of pneumonia has become septic

Answer 37

-increase in adventitious b/s
-dullness in percussion
-paleness of skin
-decreased urine output
-LOC
-difficulty breathing
-decrease in platelet count
-abnormal heart pumping
-abnormal pain
RR more than 20

Question 38

s/s of RSV in infants

Answer 38

-irritability, decreased activity sob
-flared nostrils or caved in chest
-bluish around mouth and nails
-fever under 3 mo greater than 100.4
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