Infecection Control And Prevention Flashcards
Define the term nursing process
The nursing process is a systematic method used by nurses to plan and provide care for patients.
Describe how the nursing process relates to nursing
The nursing process is integral to nursing as it guides nurses in assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating patient care.
What are the six steps of the nursing process?
The six steps of the nursing process are: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation, and Documentation.
What is care planning?
Care planning facilitates a nurse to identify a patient’s problems and select interventions that will help solve or minimize patient problems.
What are care plans?
Care plans are the written records of the care planning process.
What is the difference between action planning and care plans?
Action planning is the action, while care plans are a record of that action.
What is emphasized in individualized care?
Individualized care emphasizes the patient’s unique needs.
What are the principles of standard/universal precautions?
Hand hygiene, personal protective equipment, disposal of sharps, environmental cleaning
Standard precautions are internationally adopted interventions for all healthcare workers.
What is the purpose of Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions?
To break the chain of infection.
What are standard infection-control precautions?
Evidence-based guidance to help staff prevent healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs).
What are the 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene according to WHO?
- Before touching a patient
- Before clean/aseptic procedure
- After body fluid exposure risk
- After touching a patient
- After touching patient surroundings.
What should be done before handling an invasive device for patient care?
Perform hand hygiene.
What is the preferred method for hand hygiene at the point-of-care?
Handrubbing with an alcohol-based formulation.
When should hands be washed with soap and water?
When visibly soiled.
What is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
Specialized clothing or equipment worn for protection against dangerous or infectious materials.
What are key practices to prevent sharps injuries?
Avoid unnecessary sharps usage, handle sharps carefully, dispose of sharps immediately in a sharps box, keep sharps box nearby, never resheath needles.
What is the definition of disinfection?
A process that kills most forms of microorganisms on inanimate surfaces.
What is terminal cleaning?
Thorough environmental cleaning performed at the end of each day when the area is being used.
What are the two types of waste bags used in healthcare waste management?
BLACK/Clear bin sacks for general household waste, YELLOW bin sacks for clinical waste.
What are the consequences of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) for patients?
Sepsis, prolonged hospital stays, increased morbidity and mortality.
What can contamination of surfaces with pathogenic organisms lead to?
Patients developing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).
What should nurses do to support effective decontamination of patient environments?
Follow decontamination guidance and understand their role and responsibilities.
How should equipment be decontaminated?
Using a ‘clean-to-dirty’ approach.
What is the role of nurses regarding cleaning and disinfection?
Nurses are responsible for cleaning and disinfecting equipment such as blood pressure cuffs and electronic monitoring equipment.
True or False: Poor decontamination practices can result in outbreaks of healthcare-associated infection.
True.
Fill in the blank: Hand hygiene must be performed exactly where you are delivering health care to patients, at the _______.
point-of-care.
