Infancy And The First 2 Years

Question 1

Name and explain 2 reflexes at birth

Answer 1

Sucking Reflex: When something touches a baby’s lips, they automatically begin to suck. This reflex helps babies feed.

Grasping Reflex: When an object is placed in a baby’s palm they close their fingers around it. This reflex helps babies hold onto objects.

Question 2

Explain three senses and use example to show a newborn’s capacity

Answer 2

1. Smell: babies can differentiate their mother’s odour after two days.

2.) Sight: A baby is able to know the difference between a female and their mother in the first 5 days

3.) Touch: Babies love to be touched gently. When they’re cuddles they feel calm, cry less and sleep better

Question 3

Describe 3 ways we can promote development in newborn babies

Answer 3

1.) physical contact and maintaining eye contact
2.)Talk lovingly and giving them time to respond
3.) bright contrasting furniture colours

Question 4

Describe object permanence and explain why it is important

Answer 4

Understanding objects exist even when hidden. It helps babies with problem-solving skills and remembering supporting cognitive development.

Question 5

Describe imitation

Answer 5

A reproduction of behaviour or expression

Question 6

Name the first two stages of Erikson’s psychosocial theory with the age range

Answer 6

Trust vs Mistrust (0-1 years)
Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt (1-2 years)

Question 7

Define Autonomy

Answer 7

The ability for an individual to make their own decisions based on their own judgement and free will

Question 8

Define attachment

Answer 8

The long enduring meaningful tie with and individual

Question 9

Explain what is meant by the concept of the internal working model

Answer 9

Cognitive structures formed from interaction’s with the attachment figure guiding a child’s expectations and feelings in relationships