Ineractions Between Communities Flashcards
Predator-Prey Relationships
A type of interspecific interaction where there is a hunter and hunted
The primary consumer (pred.) is in a direct relationship w/ the primary producer (prey)
How are the density’s of the predator and prey populations related?
An increase in prey increases he resources that are available to the predators, so the predator population increases
This leads to a reduction in the pre population, followed by the reduction in the predator population, and so on…
Producer-Consumer relationship specs
Adds selective pressure on both partners (the populations that are more difficult to catch or less desirable to eat will survive)
What is Symbiosis?
A direct or close relationship between individuals of different species that live together
What are the three types of Symbiosis?
Mutualism :) :)
Commensalism :( :I
Parasitism :) :(
What is Mutualism?
:) :)
Both individuals benefit
Eg. Lichen (algae w/ fungus)
Algae photosynthesizes which provides food
Fungi prevents algae from drying out or blowing away
Eg. Stinging Ants & Acacia Trees
Ants protect tree from herbivores, tree gives ants food
What is Commensalism?
:) :I
A relationship where one species benefits, and the other is neither hatred nor benefits
Eg. Sucker fish on a shark
Comm. examples are difficult - usually both parties are affected in some way
What is Parasitism?
:) :(
One partner benefits, the other is harmed
Eg. Tapeworms in humans
What are the two types of Competition?
InTRAspecific Competiton
InTERspecific Competiton
What is InTRAspecific Competiton?
Competition between individuals of the same species over a limited resources
Two lions fighting over habitat
What is InTERspecific Competiton?
Competition between two or more populations for a limited resource
A lion and a hyena fighting over the same habitat
Why can two species never have the same niche?
Because of InTERspecific competition
What creates InTERspecifc Competiton?
When population share overlapping niches
What happen when a non-native and a native species compete?
The Non-Native species tends to take over the niche and change he structure of he ecological community
What is Mimicry?
Imitating someone or something to protect from predation
Eg. Drongos
