Industry and electricity in chemistry Flashcards
What do metals with oxygen create
-> form metal oxide
What produced from metals added with steam / water
-> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Different types of state symbols
- (s) solid
- (l) liquid
- (g) gas
- (aq) aquious -> dissolved in water
Metals + dilute acids produce…
-> salt (ionic compounds) + hydrogen
What is a displacement reaction
= occurs when a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element
How oxidation can be identified
- A loss of electrons
- Increase in oxidation members
- Gaining oxygen
- Losing hydrogen
How reduction can be identified
- Gain of electrons
- Decrease in oxidation number
- Loss of oxygen
- Gaining oxygen
OILRIG
Oxygen is loss (of electrons) Reduction is gaining (of electrons)
What is electronegativity
= strength with which atoms of an element attract electrons when chemically bonded with another element
- Higher electronegativity means atoms are able to pull the electrons that are shared in a covalent bond towards their nucleus
- Large imbalances result in covalent bond polarity or even ion formation
How Red-Ox affects oxidation number
oxidation involves inc.in oxidation number
reduction involves dec. in oxidation number
How Red-Ox affects oxidation number
oxidation involves inc.in oxidation number
reduction involves dec. in oxidation number
Oxidation number rules
1) Sum of all oxidation numbers for elements in a substance is equal to the charge on that substance
2) Flourine in a compound is always -1
3) Group 1 metals are +1, group 2 metals are +2, group 3 metals are +3
4) Hydrogen is usually +1 in compounds
5) Oxygen is usually -2 in compounds
6) group 7 elements are usually -1 in compounds
