Industries Flashcards
to not die in my exams
What are the classifications of industries?
raw materials, ownership and size
Explain raw materials.
*Agro based raw materials: plants and animal-based products are used as raw materials. Eg: dairy products and vegetable oil.
*Forest based raw materials: utilize forest produce as their raw materials. Eg: wood, tree bark and pulp.
*Mineral based raw materials: industries that use mineral ores as their raw materials. Eg: iron is used to make heavy machinery, building materials and railway coaches.
*Marine based raw materials: use products from the sea and ocean as their raw materials. Eg: Sea food and manufacturing of fish oil.
Explain size.
*Small scale
*Cottage or household industries are a type of small-scale industry. They use less amount of capital and little to no technology.
Eg: food processing, basket weaving.
*large scale
*Invesment of capital is higher and the technology used is superior. Produces large amount of products.
Eg: Automobiles and heavy machinery.
Explain ownership.
*Public sector industries
are owned and operated by the government. Eg: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited.
*Private sector industries
are owned and operated by individuals or group of individuals. Eg: HDFC back limited.
*Jointed sector industries
are owned and operated by the state and individuals or group of individuals. Eg: Maruti Udyog limited
*Co-operative sector industries
are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both. Eg: Anand Milk Union Limited
What are the factors affecting the location of the industries?
Water, land, power, labour, capital, market, raw materials and transport.
What is an industrial system? Explain with example.
*An industrial system consists of input, process and output.
*Inputs, are the raw material, transport, capital, power and other infrastructure. Eg: Cotton, human labour, factory and transport cost
*Process, a wide range of activities that convert the raw materials into finished products. Eg: Ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing and printing.
*Outputs, are the end product and the income earned. Eg: Shirt that we receive.
What are industrial regions?
Industrial regions emerge when a number of industries are located close to each other and benefit from the closeness.
Examples of industrial regions in the world and India.
*Eastern North America and Asia, Eastern, Western and central Europe.
*Mumbai-Pune cluster, Bangalore-Tamil Nadu region, Hugli region, Ahmedabad-Baroda region.
Explain Bhopal gas tragedy and the date of the China tragedy. (wh questions)
In Bhopal 3rd of December 1984 around 00:30am an technological accident occurred where highly poisonous gas Methyl Isocyanate (MIC), Hydrogen Cyanide and other reactive gases leaked out of the pesticide factory of union carbide. Those who survived still experience side effects such as blindness, impaired immune system and gastrointestinal disorders etc. 23rd of December 2005.
What measures should be taken to avoid tragedies as such?
*Fire warning, fire fighting and pollution dispersion systems should be improved.
*Densely populated areas should be located away from industrial areas.
*If they still live near by they should know the poisonous/hazardous gases stored and it’s effects.
*Storage capacity of these gases should be limited.
Steel is the backbone of modern industries. elaborate.
*Steel is obtained as an output and used as a raw material by other industries.
*It’s because almost everything we use is made out of iron or steel or tools and machinery made out of these metals.
Steel is known as the feeder industry. elaborate.
*Steel is obtained as an output and used as a raw material by other industries.
*so, it’s known as the feeder industry.
Smelting definition.
It is the process in which metals are extracted from their ores by heating beyond melting point.
What are sunrise industries? Example.
Emerging industries are known as sunrise industries. Eg: Wellness, hospitality, knowledge and information technology.
Why is Jamshedpur/ Sakchi the most conveniently located iron and steel industry in the country?
*It’s only 32km away from the Kalimati station in the Bengal-Nagpur line.
*It gets water supply from the Subarnarekha and Kharkai Rivers.
*Coal from the Jharia coalfields and iron ore, limestone, dolomite and manganese from Odisha and Chhattisgarh
*It’s located near Kolkata providing a great market.
