Industrialization and Immigration Flashcards
Second Industrial Revolution
A period of explosive growth in US manufacturing and industry in the late 1800’s
Bessemer Process
A less expensive way to make steel. Increased production of steel in the US dramatically
Thomas Elva Edison
Created the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
Inventor of the telephone
Wright Brothers
Inventors of the airplane
Sherman Anti-trust act
Made trusts illegal, but did not strictly define what a trust was, therefore difficult to enforce “Any attempt to Monopolize… and part of the trade or commerce among the states” was illegal
Chinese exclusion act
law prohibiting chinese people from immigrating to the US for 10 years, It was later extended into the 1900’s
Tenements
Poorly built apartments for poor immigrants who lived in the US
Suburbs
areas outside of the congestion of the city where families could buy a home in a quieter area
Mass Culture
Leisure and cultural activities shared by large group of people
Linotype
an automatic typing machine that made printing newspapers and magazines easier
John D. Rockefeller
Captain of the Oil Industry, richest man in american history
Andrew Carnegie
Captain of the Steel industry, big philanthropist(gave away $$$)
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Captain of the Railroad industry
Henry Ford
Captain of Automobile industry. Model T-Tin Lizzy
JP Morgan
Captain of Finance, bought out Carnegie steel
How did the Bessemer Process affect the railroads?
It lowered the price of steel allowing more cars and lines to be built and they were stronger
How did the business leaders use social Darwinism to justify their business practices?
Justified their accumulation of great wealth while their companies profited by child labor, low wages, and unsafe conditions
Why were labor unions formed?
They were formed to improve wages, working conditions and put an end to child labor
Explain the importance of the American Federation Labor?
Lead by Samuel Gompers, the AFL organized individual national unions. It included only skilled workers increased their bargaining power and eventually led to better wages, shorter hours, and better working conditions.
Why did the Homestead Strike occur? What was the result of the strike?
New machinery was brought in that would cut jobs at Carnegie’s steel plants. The workers went on strike, resulting in several deaths and eventually, the union lost
