Industrialism

Question 1

gilded age-who, what, the change

Answer 1

mark twain
corruption
agricultural economy–>urban industrialization

Question 2

vertical integration

Answer 2

Carnegie

control all steps of manufacture for one product start to finish

Question 3

horizontal integration

Answer 3

Rockefeller
control a whole market through subsidiary businesses, monopoly, many diff products
standard oil

Question 4

what was the new concern in the gilded age

Answer 4

as big businesses grew, so did the gap between the rich and poor.
tariffs (govt making it easy for corps) and monetary policy

Question 5

jay gould

Answer 5

railroads, telegraph

Question 6

vanderbilt

Answer 6

railroads

Question 7

carnegie

Answer 7

steel

Question 8

rockefeller

Answer 8

standard oil

Question 9

jp morgan

Answer 9

banking, railroads, steel

Question 10

first oil

Answer 10

pa 1859, lubricating oil for machines and kerosene for lamps

Question 11

ida tarbell

Answer 11

muckraker, Rockefeller took her fathers company, history of the standard oil company

Question 12

finance capitalism

Answer 12

investment sponsored by banks and bankers, company owners must lose control and overcapitalize, using others money paid in stock they can sell for more money

Question 13

social darwinism

Answer 13

Herbert spencer
biggest most successful companies should be allowed to flourish
hypocrisy: tariffs

Question 14

gospel of wealth

Answer 14

Carnegie
the wealthy should use their money to benefit this public and aid future generations
ex: parks

Question 15

the new south

Answer 15

grady
newpaper editor, Georgia, south became industrialized
neg: northern investors
pos: tobacco industry

Question 16

women

Answer 16

womens clubs, activism, advocate for reforms, temperance movement

Question 17

pendeleton civil service act

Answer 17

1883
stopped federal spoils system
1) pass exam for got job
2) cant monetarily support the election of a supervisor

Question 18

muckraker

Answer 18

tarbell and riis

Question 19

interstate commerce commission

Answer 19

purpose-to oversee/regulate standard oil by regulating railroads (RR had to give equal rates for all-no rebates)
effectiveness-set a precedent, but was not effective

Question 20

Sherman anti-trust act

Answer 20

purpose- to break up monopolies

effectiveness- not successful bc it was too vague

Question 21

1880 election

Answer 21

rep-Garfield, assassinated 1881

Arthur is president

Question 22

roeblings

Answer 22

successful completion of the Brooklyn bridge

Question 23

angel island

Answer 23

1910, san Francisco immigration station

goal- control/limit immigration, selective, as opposed to ellis

Question 24

castle garden

Answer 24

predecessor to ellis island

Question 25

senator henry cabot lodge

Answer 25

elitist w/ nativist, MA, literacy test for immigration

Question 26

Jacob riis

Answer 26

“how the other half lives” police reporter/photojournalist, muckraker, showcased what poverty in NYC looked like

Question 27

Terence powderly/knights of labor

Answer 27

lead the knights
mass organization of the working class
included women and minorities-progressive
couldn’t have strikes-expendable, unskilled workers

Question 28

Samuel gompers/American federation of leaders

Answer 28

head of the afl
craft union
more successful than knights because they were more crucial, skilled workers

Question 29

haymarket riot

Answer 29

Chicago
protesting against mccormick reaper co. for an 8 hour work day, but someone tossed a bomb into police ranks
conspiracy-provoked nationwide fear and anger against labor unions/strikers

Question 30

company towns

Answer 30

towns created by companies to house workers
company made up paper $ only valid in the town, could control workers more and eventually they would be in debt to the companies-total control
goal-stop labor unions from forming

Question 31

Chicago school

Answer 31

architects and engineers

their designs went beyond “form follows form”

Question 32

Frederick law olmsted

Answer 32

central park landscape architect

Question 33

William boss tweed

Answer 33

city boss, ran the city through bribery for votes
land speculation, kickbacks, stole $50 million-bad
provided immigrants with free services-good

Question 34

Thomas nast

Answer 34

political cartoonist that brought tweed down

republican