Industrial Transformation: Heavy Industry

Question 1

What did Witte believe regarding industry?

Answer 1

-by concentrating production in key areas + developing large factory units over of 1000 workers big increased un heavy goods production could be achieved

Question 2

Where were the main areas of Ind development?

Answer 2

-St P
-Baltic coast
-Moscow
-the Donbas
-Krivoi Rog ironfields southeastern Ukraine etc.

Question 3

What was the Donbas region supplying?

Answer 3

-87% of all Rus coal by 1913
-combined with Krivoi bog produced 74% all Rus pig iron by 1913

Question 4

What was the impact of this?

Answer 4

-by 1914 Rus worlds fourth largest producer of coal, pig iron + steel

Question 5

How did Moscow over take St. P in terms of Ind centres?

Answer 5

-Moscow main link between Europe + east
-position as hub of entire rail network

Question 6

How did St.P grow?

Answer 6

-in engineering sector with expansion of putilov iron works

Question 7

What were the putilov iron works?

Answer 7

-Putilov a retired naval ministry officer purchased former state ironworks 1867 to develop railway factory
-1885 company provided nearly 1/4 all state orders for locomotives, wagons + rails

Question 8

What did the company specialise in under Putilov’s descendants?

Answer 8

-machinery, artillery + products made of high quality steel
-between 1891-94 workforce grew by 2000

Question 9

Why was there a growth in light Ind?

Answer 9

-fuelled by growing demand growth in light Ind like textiles
-textiles still accounted for 40% of total Ind output 1910

Question 10

What did Russia experience between 1908-13?

Answer 10

-impressive Ind growth rate of 8.5% per year

Question 11

What was Rus like by 1914 in heavy Ind?

Answer 11

-fifth largest Ind power after UK, USA, Fr + Gr

Question 12

What was a reason why the German generals launched war against Russia 1914?

Answer 12

-feared delaying war any longer would allow Russia Ind reach point whereby Rus outstrips massive Gr econ