Industrial Revolution

Question 1

What is a protective tariff?

Answer 1

A tax on imported goods that raises the price of imports so people will buy domestic goods

Question 2

What does industrialization mean?

Answer 2

The development of industries for the machine production of goods.

FACTORIES

Question 3

What is free enterprise?

Answer 3

A type of economy in which people are free to buy, sell, and produce whatever they want

Question 4

What are some positive effects of industrialization?

Answer 4

1. Improved transportation and communication systems helped the country stay connected.
2. The price of goods was reduced due to mass production.
3. Job opportunities in urban centers became available.
4. New forms of entertainment developed in cities (e.g., museums and visiting circuses).

Question 5

What are some negative effects of industrialization?

Answer 5

1. As cities grew and became more densely populated, fires, pollution, and the spread of diseases became a constant threat.
2. Factory workers, including women and children, were exploited (taken advantage of) by factory owners through low wages and long hours.
3. Workers experienced bad effects due to the unsanitary working conditions.

Question 6

What did the Transcontinental Railroad do?

Answer 6

Helped westward migration by providing a way to transport goods and people more quickly.

Question 7

What was the telegraph?

Answer 7

Connected communities and allowed for instantaneous communication.

Question 8

Who invented the telegraph and morse code?

Answer 8

Samuel Morse

Question 9

What did the steamboat do?

Answer 9

1) Decreased fares for people and cost to transport goods

Question 10

What are canals?

Answer 10

Man-made rivers

Question 11

What did the cotton gin do?

Answer 11

1. Made the cotton cleaning process more efficient.
2. Enabled cotton farmers to increase their production.
3. The efficiency of the cotton gin increased the demand for slaves and the spread of slavery.

Question 12

What does efficient mean?

Answer 12

easier/faster

Question 13

What are the characteristics of the free enterprise system?

Answer 13

Competition between businesses, profit motive (people are motivated by how much money they can make), and private ownership (people can own their own businesses

Question 14

What does urbanization mean?

Answer 14

moving to the city

Question 15

What does rural mean?

Answer 15

country

Question 16

What does urban mean?

Answer 16

city

Question 17

What is a tariff?

Answer 17

a tax on an imported good

Question 18

What’s the purpose of a tariff?

Answer 18

to push people to buy US (domestic) goods