Industrial Revolution Flashcards
What were primary causes of the industrial revolution?
The availability of surface coal in Britain, the expansion of European empires
What period was the industrial revolution?
1750-1914
What changes occurred during the industrial revolution?
Factories replaced farming as a main form of business as well as changes in population, transport and cities
Define nationalism
Loyalty and devotion to a nation, also known as patriotism
Define imperialism
The policy of extending the rule or authority of a empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies
Define capitalism
An economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit rate than be the state
Define socialism
A political and economic theory of social organisation which advocates that the means of production, distribution and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole. The opposite of capitalism
What was the world population in 1750 and 1900?
629 million and 1.7 billion
What was the urbanisation rate in 1750 and 1900?
13% and 87%
What were the major European powers in the industrial revolution?
Britain, Spain, Portugal and France
Why is coal an important factor in the industrial revolution?
Coal was needed to power steam engines, which were used in factories and transports
Why is the expansion of European empires and important factor in the industrial revolution?
Raw materials from overseas colonies were processed in factories.
How did the industrial revolution effect Australia?
Steamships (from 1830) and trains (from 1850) were heavily used as Australia’s agricultural industry grew
Why was the discovery of gold important for Australia?
The need for mechanised transport increase and engineering works were established. The Australian economy boomed in the 1880s allowing factories to mass produce products such as bricks, lifts and sewerage systems, for the gold industry
