Industrial Revolution Flashcards
How did it start?
British begant to make textiles with machines.A British textile worker, Samuel Slater, set up a textile factory in Rhode Island, and memorized designs to a spinnign invention. This was the beggining for the U.S.
What is an industrial revolution?
It is when hand making is replaced by machines and farm is replaces by large scaled manufacturer.
First industrial revolution was in England on the late 18th century.
What is a factory system?
The factory system had many workers under one roof working at machines. Many people left farms and moved to the city to work in factories. They wanted the money that factories paid.
Why did factories go to New England?
Factories needed water power, and in New England there were fast moving rivers.
What happened in Lowell Mills factory?
In 1813, Francis Cabot Lowell built a factory in eastern Massachusetts, near the Concord River. The factory spun cotton into yarn and wove the cotton into clothes. They hired women. The “Lowell girls” lived in company-owned boardinghouses. The girls worked over 12 hours a day in deafening noise. Payed 2 dollars a week.
What happened with Europe?
the U.S. no longer had to buy finished textile products from Europe.
What inventor created interchangable parts and the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
How did agriculture expand?
In 1820 more than 65% of Americans were farmers. Cotton production was soaring from 3,000 to 300,000 pales per year.
What happened with the economic independence.
After war of 1812 british goods went into America witn low prices. Congress passes tariff of 1816. British more expensive than U.S.
2nd National Bank , Approved by President Madison had the power to establish a national currency and make large loans to businesses
New cities developed. They had problems such as, no sewers,dirty water, fires. However were good things too such as : jobs, libraries, shops and museum.
What was the new way of water transport?
Canal-man made waterways.
The Erie Canal Clinton’s Big Ditch, opened on October 26, 1825, 363 miles long, forty feet wide. Shortened travel time form the east coast to the gateway to the west the Great Lakes by half and reduced shipping costs by 90%. Only trade route west of the Appalachians. prompted the first great westward migration of Americn settlers.
What were the inventions that made transport and communication easier?
Transport - steamboat, Robert Fulton designed a steam engine for a steamboat that could move against the current of a river or against the wind.
Communication - telegraph, by Samuel Morse. This machine sent long pulses of electricity through a wire, which represented messages.
Why it’s Important?
Between 1790 and 1825 manufacturing took on an important role in the American economy. People moved westward in large numbers.
