Industrial Revolution Flashcards
When did the Industrial Revolution start
After 1750
What was Richard Arkwright’s role during the Industrial Revolution
Richard Arkwright’s Mill was revolutionary in switching from human labor to machinery. His invention (the water frame) used water power to produce strong yarn.
How did production of iron and coal change
The production of iron increased by 30x and the production of coal increased by 20x
What did Newcomen and Watt contribute to
The development of steam power to drive machinery more efficiently
How did Thomas Telford change transportation during the Industrial Revolution
Built roads and canals which transported goods
How did Isambard Kingdom Brunel change transportation
He designed the railway line between Bristol and London, and built a ship that only took 15 days to get from Liverpool to New York City.
How did George Stephenson change transportation
Known as the “Father of Railways”, he developed the ‘Rocket’, an early locomotive, with his son Robert and pioneered rail transport and the development of the first passenger railways.
How did transport revolutionize in the Industrial Revolution
in 1700 it took four days to get from London to Manchester, but in 1880 it took four hours. Raw materials, goods, food (eg fresh milk) and post arrived faster.
In 1870, how big was the railway industry
In 1870, 423 million passengers travelled on 16,000 miles of line.
How did the population change during the Industrial Revolution
There was a 260% growth in population
How did the population change
In 1750, only about 15 per cent of the population lived in towns. By 1900 it was 85 per cent.
What were the consequences of population growth
This meant that there were far more people around to work in new industries but also caused problems because many more people needed foods and homes. This meant that poverty was increasing.
How did city population change
By 1900, London had 4.5 million inhabitants. The biggest other towns were Glasgow with 760,000 inhabitants and Liverpool with 685,000. Manchester and Birmingham had more than half a million people each
How did education change during the Industrial Revolution
In 1833, the government passed the Factory Act making two hours of education a day compulsory for children working in factories. The government also granted money to charities to help schools for the first time.
What does the city population tell us about the Industrial Revolution
Much of the population had moved from the South-East to the industrialised coalfield areas in the North and the Midlands.
