English Civil War Flashcards
When did Charles the 1st become King
1625
What is the “Divine Right”
The belief that the right to rule came from God
What did Parliament and Charles argue about that led to the 11 year tyranny
Religion, Money, Limiting the power of Parliament and Foreign Policy
What happened in 1629
Charles ruled without Parliament from 1629-1640. This was called the ‘11 year tyranny’
What was Ship Tax
A tax collected from coastal towns to pay for the Navy. In 1635 Charles made inland counties pay it too
What made Charles recall Parliament
He tried to get the Scots to use the English prayer book, and the Scots refused. So, he declared war but needed money. This war was known as the “Bishop’s War”
What was the Grand Remonstrance
Instead of granting Charles money for the war against Scotland, Parliament sent Charles the Grand Remonstrance in 1641. This was a list of 204 complaints about the way he was running the country.
What started on Nov. 1st 1641
On November 1st, 1641, a rebellion started in Ireland. Catholics had rebelled and rumours spread quickly that over 200,000 Protestants had been murdered. People blamed the King for plotting it. This caused tension between the King and Parliament (Parliament = Protestant, Charles I = Catholic)
What were the Nineteen Propositions
The Nineteen Propositions were a set of demands made on King Charles I of England by the English Parliament on 1 June 1642. They were designed to limit the powers of the King.
What happened in January 1642
In 1642, he went to Parliament with 300 soldiers to arrest his five biggest critics. Someone close to the king had already tipped off Parliament that these men were about to be arrested and they had already fled to the safety of the city of London where they could easily hide from the king.
What was the main long term causes of the Civil War
- Charles’s father, James I was a firm believer in the Divine Right, so he expected Parliament to agree with all of his decisions
- Clashes over custom duties (goes into my first point)
- James suspended Parliament for 10 years and his friends ruled in this time. This causes great offence to Parliament
- Charles considered marrying a Spanish Princess (before his crowning). Parliament were worried his children would be brought up as Catholics. The marriage never took place.
When was Civil War declared
22nd August 1642
Who were the two forces fighting in the Civil War
Cavaliers vs Roundheads
Who were the Cavaliers
Cavaliers were made up of people from the Northern and Western areas of England. They supported the King. Charles also used soldiers from Scotland, Ireland and Wales. Most of the Royalists were conservative Protestants or Catholic.
Who were the Roundheads
Roundheads were the merchants and traders of the south-east and London and supported Parliament. This gave Parliament much more money than the King. Parliament also controlled the navy. Many of the supporters were also Puritan.
