Industrial Processes

Question 1

Fractional Distillation

Answer 1

Liquid air at -200 degrees C enters
Produces Gaseous Nitrogen
Produces liquid Oxygen

Question 2

SASOL-Lurrgi Process

Answer 2

Process of producing hydrogen by adding coal steam and oxygen

Question 3

Harber Process

Answer 3

Produces Ammonia (NH3) from N2 (Fractional Distillation) and H2 (SASOL-Lurgi process)
Conditions: 250-300 atm, 450 degrees C
Catalyst: Iron (Fe)
Uses: production of fertilisers, and nitric acid)
Equation: N2+3H2=2NH3

Question 4

Otswald Process

Answer 4

Produces Nitric Acid from NH3 made in Harber Process
Catalyst: Platinum Gauze
Uses: Production of fertilisers and explosives
Step 1 known as catalytic oxidation of ammonia

Question 5

Contact Process

Answer 5

Produces Sulphuric Acid
Conditions (Step 2): 1 atm, 450-500 degrees C
Catalyst (Step 2): Vandium oxide
Uses: Production of fertilisers, battery acid, detergents, synthetic fibres and paint

Question 6

Production of Phosphoric Acid

Answer 6

Uses Sulphuric acid from contact process to make phosphoric acid
Uses: Teeth whitening tooth paste, removal of rust and counter nausea medicine

Question 7

Production of Superphosphates

Answer 7

Fertilisers produced by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid on powdered phosphate rock

Question 8

Production of Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3)

Answer 8

Produced by acid-base reaction between ammonia (Harber Process) and nitric acid (Otswald Process)
uses: Manufacturing of fertilisers and explosives

Question 9

Production of Ammonium Sulphate [(NH4)2SO4]

Answer 9

Produced by reacting ammonia (Harber process) and sulphuric acid (Contact Process)
Uses: fertilisers for alkaline soil