Industrial disputes act Flashcards by Amruta Sarma

The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 was enacted to: a) Regulate employer-employee relationships b) Ensure tax compliance c) Promote privatization d) Protect intellectual property

a) Regulate employer-employee relationships

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The Act applies to industries employing: a) 50 or more workers b) 100 or more workers c) 10 or more workers (using power) or 20 or more (without power) d) All registered industries

c) 10 or more workers (using power) or 20 or more (without power)

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The term “Industrial Dispute” refers to: a) Any disagreement between employees b) Disputes related to employment, conditions of labour, or termination c) Personal conflicts between workers d) Disputes between two different industries

b) Disputes related to employment, conditions of labour, or termination

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Which authority primarily resolves industrial disputes? a) Labour Court b) District Court c) Supreme Court d) Consumer Court

a) Labour Court

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A dispute becomes an “Industrial Dispute” when it affects: a) An individual employee only b) A group of workers or trade union c) Only managerial staff d) Only government employees

b) A group of workers or trade union

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Retrenchment means: a) Voluntary resignation b) Termination due to company closure c) Termination for economic reasons d) Worker suspension for misconduct

c) Termination for economic reasons

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Which section defines “Industry” under the Act? a) Section 2(j) b) Section 3(d) c) Section 5(a) d) Section 8(f)

a) Section 2(j)

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Lay-off is defined under: a) Section 2(kkk) b) Section 2(rr) c) Section 5(c) d) Section 9(b)

a) Section 2(kkk)

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Compensation for retrenched workers should be: a) 7 days’ wages for every completed year b) 15 days’ wages for every completed year c) 30 days’ wages for every completed year d) No compensation is required

b) 15 days’ wages for every completed year

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Which of the following is NOT an industrial dispute? a) Wages-related conflicts b) Bonus disputes c) Personal disputes of an employee d) Disputes on work conditions

c) Personal disputes of an employee

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Which authority can refer a dispute for adjudication? a) Labour Court b) Trade Union c) Appropriate Government d) High Court

c) Appropriate Government

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Which of these is NOT covered under the Act? a) Working conditions b) Retirement benefits c) Land acquisition disputes d) Termination policies

c) Land acquisition disputes

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The first step in resolving an industrial dispute is: a) Conciliation b) Arbitration c) Adjudication d) Litigation

a) Conciliation

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A “Strike” is defined under: a) Section 2(q) b) Section 3(r) c) Section 5(s) d) Section 9(q)

a) Section 2(q)

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A “Lock-out” is declared by: a) Workers b) Trade Union c) Employer d) Labour Court

c) Employer

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The cooling-off period before a legal strike is: a) 7 days b) 14 days c) 21 days d) 30 days

b) 14 days

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“Arbitration” in industrial disputes means: a) Negotiation between parties b) Resolution by a neutral third party c) Government intervention d) A court ruling

b) Resolution by a neutral third party

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Which of the following is a “Public Utility Service”? a) IT Companies b) Banking Services c) Small-Scale Industries d) Private Educational Institutes

b) Banking Services

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An illegal strike occurs when: a) Workers stop working for 2 hours b) It violates the legal provisions of the Act c) Workers demand better wages d) Employees go on leave together

b) It violates the legal provisions of the Act

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Which section deals with “Illegal Strikes and Lockouts”? a) Section 24 b) Section 15 c) Section 30 d) Section 45

a) Section 24

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Under the Act, a workman is entitled to compensation in case of: a) Termination without just cause b) Resignation c) Suspension for misconduct d) Voluntary retirement

a) Termination without just cause

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The “National Tribunal” under the Act resolves: a) Small workplace disputes b) High-profile industrial disputes c) Minor wage conflicts d) Personal grievances of employees

b) High-profile industrial disputes

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Disputes involving more than one state are handled by: a) Central Government b) State Government c) Labour Commissioner d) District Court

a) Central Government

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“Unfair Labour Practices” are listed in which schedule? a) First Schedule b) Second Schedule c) Third Schedule d) Fifth Schedule

d) Fifth Schedule

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If a worker is laid off, he/she is entitled to compensation equal to: a) 25% of salary b) 50% of salary c) 75% of salary d) Full salary

b) 50% of salary

Which of the following is not an authority under the Act? a) Labour Court b) Tribunal c) Consumer Forum d) National Tribunal

c) Consumer Forum

Which of the following is not a type of dispute covered under the Act? a) Disputes related to wages b) Disputes related to working hours c) Disputes related to marital issues of employees d) Disputes related to layoffs

c) Disputes related to marital issues of employees

The definition of "Workman" excludes: a) Skilled workers b) Supervisory employees earning above a limit c) Unskilled workers d) Employees in a factory

b) Supervisory employees earning above a limit

A dispute between an individual workman and employer is an industrial dispute when: a) It affects the entire industry b) It has support from the majority of workmen or trade union c) The employer agrees d) The government refers it to a tribunal

b) It has support from the majority of workmen or trade union

"Retrenchment" does not include: a) Termination due to company closure b) Termination due to disciplinary action c) Termination due to redundancy d) Termination due to layoff

b) Termination due to disciplinary action

The minimum number of workers required for setting up a Works Committee is: a) 50 b) 100 c) 500 d) 1000

b) 100

A settlement arrived at in the course of conciliation is: a) Not binding b) Binding only on the employer c) Binding on all parties involved d) Subject to approval by the government

c) Binding on all parties involved

A person who investigates an industrial dispute and promotes settlement is called: a) Arbitrator b) Labour Commissioner c) Conciliation Officer d) District Judge

c) Conciliation Officer

"Award" means a decision given by: a) Government b) Conciliation Officer c) Labour Court or Tribunal d) Employer

c) Labour Court or Tribunal

Which schedule lists matters within the jurisdiction of Labour Courts? a) First Schedule b) Second Schedule c) Third Schedule d) Fourth Schedule

b) Second Schedule

The term "Strike" does not include: a) Workers refusing to work b) Workers slowing down work c) Collective bargaining meetings d) Workers stopping work in protest

c) Collective bargaining meetings

An employer must notify the government before retrenching how many workers? a) 10 or more b) 50 or more c) 100 or more d) 500 or more

c) 100 or more

Which case laid down that "Industry" includes educational institutions? a) Bangalore Water Supply Case b) Parry & Co. Ltd. Case c) Express Newspapers Case d) Workmen of Indian Airlines Case

a) Bangalore Water Supply Case

The notice period for retrenchment is: a) 7 days b) 15 days c) 30 days d) 60 days

c) 30 days

Who has the power to prohibit strikes and lockouts in public utility services? a) Supreme Court b) Employer c) Appropriate Government d) Labour Court

c) Appropriate Government

The Industrial Tribunal is appointed by: a) Employer b) Central Government c) State Government d) Labour Commissioner

c) State Government

The penalty for illegal strikes is: a) ₹1000 fine b) ₹5000 fine or imprisonment up to 1 month c) ₹10,000 fine d) No penalty

b) ₹5000 fine or imprisonment up to 1 month

Which provision regulates lay-off compensation? a) Section 25C b) Section 20 c) Section 12 d) Section 30

a) Section 25C

If a strike continues illegally, the government can: a) Do nothing b) Declare the strike legal c) Refer the matter for adjudication d) Impose additional fines

c) Refer the matter for adjudication

"Public Utility Services" do not include: a) Banking b) Hospitals c) Coal Mines d) Film Industry

d) Film Industry

The notice period for closing an establishment with 100+ workers is: a) 15 days b) 30 days c) 60 days d) 90 days

d) 90 days

Which body is responsible for voluntary arbitration? a) Works Committee b) Industrial Tribunal c) Board of Conciliation d) National Tribunal

b) Industrial Tribunal

A workman cannot claim retrenchment compensation if: a) He is a casual worker b) He has worked less than 240 days in the past 12 months c) He is on probation d) All of the above

d) All of the above

The Industrial Disputes Act does not apply to: a) Shops and Establishments b) Government Employees c) Large Manufacturing Industries d) Transport Services

b) Government Employees

The primary objective of the Industrial Disputes Act is to: a) Promote employer dominance b) Regulate industrial relations and disputes c) Encourage privatization d) Ensure tax collection

b) Regulate industrial relations and disputes

The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 came into force on: a) 1st April 1948 b) 15th August 1947 c) 1st March 1947 d) 30th September 1949

a) 1st April 1948

"Lockout" is defined in which section of the Act? a) Section 2(l) b) Section 2(q) c) Section 2(bb) d) Section 2(cc)

b) Section 2(q)

In which case did the Supreme Court hold that education institutions can be considered an industry? a) Bangalore Water Supply Case b) D.N. Banerjee v. P.R. Mukherjee c) State of Bombay v. Hospital Mazdoor Sabha d) Workmen of Indian Airlines Case

a) Bangalore Water Supply Case

Which of the following is not a mode of settlement under the Act? a) Conciliation b) Arbitration c) Litigation d) Adjudication

c) Litigation

A workman is considered "continuous in service" if he has worked for at least how many days in the preceding 12 months? a) 120 days b) 180 days c) 240 days d) 365 days

c) 240 days

What is the role of a Conciliation Officer under the Act? a) Enforce industrial laws b) Mediate and promote dispute settlement c) Issue employment orders d) Provide unemployment benefits

b) Mediate and promote dispute settlement

Who has the authority to refer an industrial dispute to a tribunal? a) Trade Unions b) Employer c) Appropriate Government d) Employees

c) Appropriate Government

The Industrial Tribunal deals with matters specified in which schedule? a) First Schedule b) Second Schedule c) Third Schedule d) Fourth Schedule

c) Third Schedule

The National Tribunal is appointed by: a) State Government b) High Court c) Central Government d) Supreme Court

c) Central Government

"Illegal Lockout" is covered under which section? a) Section 22 b) Section 24 c) Section 26 d) Section 28

b) Section 24

The minimum number of workers required for forming a Trade Union is: a) 5 b) 7 c) 10 d) 100

b) 7

Which of the following is not a Public Utility Service under the Act? a) Railways b) Electricity c) Banking d) Private Schools

d) Private Schools

Retrenchment compensation is not payable when: a) The worker resigns voluntarily b) The worker is terminated for misconduct c) The worker does not complete 240 days in a year d) All of the above

d) All of the above

The penalty for illegal lockouts is: a) ₹5000 fine b) ₹10,000 fine or imprisonment up to 1 month c) ₹20,000 fine d) No penalty

b) ₹10,000 fine or imprisonment up to 1 month

How many days’ notice is required before a strike in Public Utility Services? a) 7 days b) 14 days c) 21 days d) 30 days

b) 14 days

The Industrial Disputes Act applies to establishments engaging: a) 10 or more workers (with power) b) 20 or more workers (without power) c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of the above

c) Both (a) and (b)

Who appoints the Board of Conciliation? a) Employer b) State Government c) Central Government d) Supreme Court

b) State Government

Which of the following is an "unfair labor practice" under the Act? a) Forcing workers to join a trade union b) Paying wages in cash c) Maintaining workers' records d) Giving weekly holidays

a) Forcing workers to join a trade union

Under Section 25F, retrenchment requires: a) One month’s notice b) 15 days' wages for every completed year of service c) A valid reason for termination d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Which court has jurisdiction over disputes under this Act? a) Labour Court b) District Court c) Supreme Court d) Consumer Court

a) Labour Court

Lay-off is defined under: a) Section 2(kkk) b) Section 5 c) Section 25A d) Section 30

a) Section 2(kkk)

Retrenchment includes: a) Voluntary Retirement Scheme b) Closure of business c) Termination for misconduct d) Worker redundancy

d) Worker redundancy

An industrial dispute concerning multiple states is resolved by: a) State Government b) Central Government c) High Court d) Labour Commissioner

b) Central Government

If a workman is reinstated by a court order, he is entitled to: a) Compensation only b) Back wages c) A fresh contract d) No benefits

b) Back wages

The purpose of the Industrial Disputes Act is to: a) Promote workers’ rights only b) Resolve disputes between employers and employees c) Encourage strikes d) Increase taxes on industries

b) Resolve disputes between employers and employees

The definition of "Industrial Dispute" includes: a) Disputes between employer and workmen b) Disputes between workmen and workmen c) Disputes between employer and employer d) Both (a) and (b)

d) Both (a) and (b)

Under the Act, "Wages" do not include: a) Basic Salary b) Bonus c) Dearness Allowance d) House Rent Allowance

b) Bonus

The Industrial Disputes Act applies to: a) Only factories b) Only public sector companies c) Both public and private sector establishments d) Only government industries

c) Both public and private sector establishments

The term "workman" excludes: a) Clerical employees b) Skilled laborers c) Employees in a managerial position d) Manual laborers

c) Employees in a managerial position

"Adjudication" under the Act refers to: a) Settlement of disputes by employer and employees b) Referral of disputes to an authority like Labour Court or Tribunal c) Negotiations between trade unions d) None of the above

b) Referral of disputes to an authority like Labour Court or Tribunal

The penalty for violating the provisions related to layoff and retrenchment is: a) ₹500 fine b) ₹5000 fine c) ₹10,000 fine or imprisonment up to 6 months d) No penalty

c) ₹10,000 fine or imprisonment up to 6 months

Who is responsible for ensuring compliance with industrial dispute resolutions? a) Employer b) Trade Union c) Labour Commissioner d) Labour Court

c) Labour Commissioner

Which provision relates to "illegal strikes"? a) Section 25 b) Section 24 c) Section 22 d) Section 26

b) Section 24

The requirement of prior notice for retrenchment applies to establishments with: a) 10 or more workers b) 50 or more workers c) 100 or more workers d) 500 or more workers

c) 100 or more workers

Which of the following is not a recognized mode of resolving disputes under the Act? a) Conciliation b) Arbitration c) Litigation in civil court d) Adjudication

c) Litigation in civil court

Retrenchment compensation is calculated as: a) 7 days' wages per completed year of service b) 15 days' wages per completed year of service c) 30 days' wages per completed year of service d) One month’s salary

b) 15 days' wages per completed year of service

The cooling-off period before a strike in a Public Utility Service is: a) 7 days b) 14 days c) 21 days d) 30 days

b) 14 days

"Lay-off" applies when an employer: a) Permanently removes an employee b) Temporarily suspends work due to business conditions c) Transfers an employee to another location d) Demotes an employee

b) Temporarily suspends work due to business conditions

The Industrial Tribunal is headed by: a) A District Judge b) A Supreme Court Judge c) A person with 7 years of judicial experience d) A retired government officer

c) A person with 7 years of judicial experience

Section 25F deals with: a) Layoff b) Retrenchment c) Lockouts d) Strikes

b) Retrenchment

The Industrial Disputes Act provides special provisions for retrenchment in: a) Shops b) Factories with 100 or more employees c) Government offices d) Small enterprises

b) Factories with 100 or more employees

An employer is required to give notice to the government before retrenching employees in an establishment with: a) 50 or more workers b) 75 or more workers c) 100 or more workers d) 150 or more workers

c) 100 or more workers

The Industrial Disputes Act does not apply to: a) Public sector organizations b) Armed Forces c) Private companies d) Government hospitals

b) Armed Forces

Who appoints a "Conciliation Officer"? a) Employer b) Trade Union c) Appropriate Government d) Labour Tribunal

c) Appropriate Government

Which of the following constitutes an illegal strike? a) A strike without giving 14 days’ notice in a Public Utility Service b) A strike conducted after fulfilling legal requirements c) A symbolic protest for 2 hours d) A voluntary mass resignation

a) A strike without giving 14 days’ notice in a Public Utility Service

The Industrial Disputes Act primarily aims to: a) Prevent industrial conflicts b) Encourage employer dominance c) Promote privatization d) Enforce social security benefits

a) Prevent industrial conflicts

Which one is not a category of industrial disputes? a) Disputes related to employment b) Disputes related to work conditions c) Disputes related to political affiliations d) Disputes related to wages

c) Disputes related to political affiliations

Which schedule of the Act lists the matters that fall under Labour Courts? a) First Schedule b) Second Schedule c) Third Schedule d) Fourth Schedule

b) Second Schedule

The National Tribunal adjudicates disputes: a) At the state level b) In industries involving multiple states c) Only in public sector industries d) Only for trade unions

b) In industries involving multiple states

The notice period required before closing an industrial establishment is: a) 15 days b) 30 days c) 60 days d) 90 days

d) 90 days