Industrial

Question 1

-Used in antifreeze and windshield deicing solution
-excreted by kidney

Question 2

signs and symptoms (ethylene glycol)

Answer 2

 Severe metabolic acidosis
 CNS depression
 Cardiopulmonary depression
 Acute renal failure seizure

Question 3

Ethylene Glycol Metabolites:

Answer 3

glycol aldehyde, glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid

Question 4

Ethylene glycol poisoning treatment

Answer 4

Ethanol and Fomepizole (Antizol)

Question 5

Ethylene glycol toxic metabolite

Answer 5

Oxalic Acid

Question 6

wood alcohol

Answer 6

Methanol

Question 7

Methanol denaturant

Answer 7

Paint remover, Solvent

Question 8

-Signs and Symptoms (Methanol)

Answer 8

 Visual disturbances
 Metabolic acidosis

Question 9

Methanol Metabolites

Answer 9

Formaldehyde, Formic acid

Question 10

Methanol poisoning treatment

Answer 10

Ethanol and Fomepizole (Antizol)

Question 11

Formaldehyde a.k. a

Answer 11

Formalin, Formol

Question 12

embalming fluid
- similar in presentation to methanol toxicity

Answer 12

Formaldehyde

Question 13

Signs and Symptoms (Formaldehyde)

Answer 13

 Local: Mucosal irritation
 Systemic: CNS Depression, coma, metabolic acidosis

Question 14

Formaldehyde poisoning treatment

Answer 14

Ammonia & NaHCO3

Question 15

Primary ingredient in fingernail polish remover, airplane glues, varnish and rubber cement

Answer 15

Acetone

Question 16

Signs and Symptoms (Acetone)

Answer 16

CNS Depression…Coma, respiratory depression

Question 17

Acetone Poisoning treatment

Answer 17

Neutralization with milk or water

Question 18

Mostly derived from petroleum distillation
- gasoline, kerosene

Answer 18

Hydrocarbon

Question 19

Hydrocarbon poisoning treatment

Answer 19

 Emesis, Gastric lavage, Adsorption [By activated charcoal]
 Aspiration, Pneumonitis
 Mineral oil

Question 20

Cyanide Sources:

Answer 20

 Prunus sp.[wild black berry, apricot, peach, plum, bitter almond, cherry laurel,
mountain mahogany
 Pear apple, jetberry bush
 Bamboo, cassava, lima beans, linseed
 Nitroprusside, laetrile, nitriles

Question 21

Cyanide MOA

Answer 21

Inhibit cytochrome oxidase & prevents cellular respiration.

Question 22

Signs and Symptoms (Cyanide)

Answer 22

 CNS & CVS disturbances
 Odor of bitter almonds
 Cherry red blood

Question 23

Cyanide Poisoning Treatment:

Answer 23

 Amyl nitrite [inhalation]
 Na Nitrite
 Na thiosulfate
 Dicobalt edetate [Kelocyanor]
 Hydroxycoba;amin [Vit. B12]

Question 24

Coagulation necrosis

Answer 24

Acid

Question 25

Liquefaction necrosis

Answer 25

Bases

Question 26

Acids and Bases Poisoning treatment

Answer 26

Dilutional therapy

Question 27

carbolic acid

Answer 27

Phenol

Question 28

Phenol Derivative

Answer 28

Lysol [50% cresol]

Question 29

protein denaturant

Answer 29

Phenol

Question 30

Phenol poisoning Treatment:

Answer 30

 Dermal exposure: PEG  Inhalation: 100% humified O2  Castor oil, Mineral oil

Question 31

Elemental Mercury:

Answer 31

Thermometers Amalgams paints batteries fingerprint photography

Question 32

Organic Mercury:

Answer 32

Aryl mercurial thimerosal Minamata disease

Question 33

Inorganic Mercury

Answer 33

Hg2

Question 34

needs for hemoglobin & myoglobin production

Answer 34

Iron

Question 35

Iron cause of toxicity:

Answer 35

Over-ingestion of OTC preparations

Question 36

Iron doses

Answer 36

-Lethal dose: 200-300 mg/kg -Toxic dose > 60 mg/kg

Question 37

Phase 1 Iron Toxicity

Answer 37

nausea vomiting diarrhea GI bleeding hypotension

Question 38

Phase II Iron Toxicity

Answer 38

clinical improvement seen 6-24 hours postingestion

Question 39

Phase III Iron Toxicity:

Answer 39

metabolic acidosis renal & hepatic failure sepsis pulmonary edema & death

Question 40

Iron poisoning treatment

Answer 40

Deferoxime/ Deferoxamine