Induction Booklet Flashcards
What is primary socialisation
The period where we learn norms typically from our family, also learn about culture and roles/ how we learn behaviour from a primary care giver
What is secondary socialisation
When we learn other ways of behaving from agents/ institutions outside of the family
What are the 6 agents of socialisation
The family, media, education, peer groups, workplace, religion
What is social control and what are the different types
When certain behaviour is encouraged or discouraged. The types are informal or formal
What are examples of formal and informal social control
Formal (written/obvious/explicit rules with sanctions to control (encourage or discourage behaviour) deter deviant behaviour and promote conformity : agents like work, education or religion. mechanisms to reward or punish behaviour e.g. police, law,government, army .
informal(unwritten rules which enforce social norms through informal rewards or discouragement): informal agents like media and peer group sPositive or negative sanctions, stereotyping, imitation of role models, inclusion and exclusion, rewards and praise, peer pressure
Define Norms and values
Norms are the acceptable/expected ways of behaviong. Relate to socialisation relate to subculture unwritten rules that govern human behaviour in society. Norms are socially constructed so change over time and are different in different societies and are taught through agents of socialisation. Examples: in a classroom, gender, age , feral children
values are fundamental beliefs which provide a framework in society. The beliefs and morals held by most in society and what is desirable. Beliefs about what is right and wrong (moral values). Values are socially constructed e.g. (values for culture e.g. boritsh values, value consensus func, in specific institutions like religion, in diff cultures e.g. mead, universal values like human life)
Define status
Your position on society compared to others. One example is achieved (earned) or given (ascribed)
Describe spectacular culture
Spectacular culture have norms and values of mainstream society but may also have some that are distinct and form subcultures that may be anti authority, most likely during youth, (goths)
What is high culture
That of the upper class/elite , believe only people with good breeding and education can appreciate this culture. Have good economic, cultural and social capital and operate social closure examples: polo, hunting/blood sports , balls/ballroom dancing
What is popular culture
The culture of ordinary people, they engage with mass produced forms of entertainment like soap operas, plays a big Role in pop culture. It borrows from high culture and popularises it to the masses examples: pop music, the theatre, holidays
Global culture
Have emerged as a result of globalisation (where the world had become more interconnected). Global culture means that we share similar values and Norms now because of media, migration p. World has become a smaller global village examples: McDonald’s, Coca Cola, films and tv CULTURAL SAMENESS
Consumer culture
Culture where consumption of goods and services is the norm, media plays role in teaching us what to buy and economy creates jobs so people have disposable income example: Goodwin yummy mummies, Saunders
Cultural diversity
A population that involves different cultures living separately in society.between cultures (intercultural) or within cultures (intracultural) a variety of norms and values in uk, also subcultures. can have a diverse society but still agrees to collective norms and values. Can be diverse in many ways (class,sexuality) doesn’t mean drop in cultural sameness examples: language, cashmere and Troyna, hebdige, China town , hackney
Multiculturalism
Different cultures being integrated into the same society and living equally. Promotes view all ethnic groups have same stats and equal right t preserve own heritage examples: different ethnicities in schools, learn about different religions in Rs, ethnic restaurants
Define role
Role is the part you play in society. Have more than one role at the same time and each has a set of norms. E.g. mother and father roles (parsons). Another is a teacher
Define culture
Refers to beliefs, customs and ways of life in a social group/society. Consists of norms, values, status, roles and rituals. That we are socialised into. One example is pop culture (norms of majority) or high culture
Define subculture
A smaller group within a larger culture. Groups of young people who do not follow the same norms and values as each other often form subcultures, they differe in terms of fashion, music, interests and behaviour. E.g.mods and rockers who broke social norms as dressed differently and were defiant also ladettes, macho lads/lads with anti school subculture
Define identity
How we see ourselves in relation to others. The way we answer the question who am I. Identity is about an individuals place in society and there are diff types of identity (personal, social, self). Examples: personal e.g. name, passport, fingerprint, dna. Social: mother’s as selfless and nurturing. Class, gender, ethnic, sexual, disability, age p, national.
Define cultural hybridity
Where a new form of identity emerges as a result of a combination of different types of identity . Increasing forms as identity becomes more complex. Linked to globalisation as influence of media. Examples: Gill, back, nayak?
Define ethnic identity
Identities based around people’s ethnic and cultural background, including religion, language, country of origin, customs, beliefs, norms and values, food, music, dress. One example is Asian (ghuman) and balck Afro Caribbean (Sewell)
Define nationality
National identity is considered in the identity of a whole country. Often expressed through supporting national team, anthem, flag, lagnguagw (schuden, phillipson), hebdige?
Explain how religion socialises an individual into norms and values
Norms in uk based on Christian religion, attitudes inform divorce, homosexuality, abortion, multi faith in uk culture means religion spillages more groups than others (cashmere and Troy a, modood), burdsey Asian footballers , butler, anwar
