Induction and Patterning of Mesoderm Flashcards
Which regions produces axial Mesoderm?
Anterior Region
Which region produces later Mesoderm?
Posterior Region
What level of Nodal Gradient is found in the Anterior Region?
High Level
What level of Nodal Gradient is found in the Posterior Region?
Low Level
What happens when quail Hensen nodes are transplanted into the chick host?
Induction of structures
How is the Patterning of the Mesoderm Induced?
Signalling from extraembryonic tissue
What is BMP?
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), a group of signalling molecules that belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of proteins. Initially discovered for their ability to induce bone formation
What is FGF?
Bone Fibroblast growth factors (FGF), a family of growth factors, with members involved in angiogenesis, wound healing, embryonic development and various endocrine signalling pathways
Node
Organizer tissue for gastrulation in vertebrates
Epiblast
One of two distinct layers arising from the inner cell mass in the mammalian blastocyst or from the blastodisc in reptiles and birds. It derives the embryo proper through its differentiation into the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, during gastrulation. The amnionic ectoderm and extraembryonic mesoderm also originate from the epiblast
Stem zone
Gives rise to somites and neural tube
Retinoic Acid (RA)
Made in the mesoderm and diffuses posteriorly; antagonizes FGF
Truncation
Elimination of the N- or C-terminal portion of a protein by proteolysis or manipulation of the structural gene, or premature termination of protein elongation due to the presence of a termination codon in its structural gene as a result of a nonsense mutation
